宏观经济学原理教辅 (13).pdf

《宏观经济学原理教辅 (13).pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、13(25)AggregateDemand,AggregateSupplyandInflationOUTLINEOFTEXTMATERIALI.IntroductionA.Oneofthemostimportantissuesinmacroeconomicsisthedeterminationoftheoverallpricelevel.B.Thischapterjoinsaggregatedemandandaggregatesupplyanddiscusseshowequilibriumpricelevelisdetermined.C.Thisallowsustoseeho

2、wthepricelevelaffectstheeconomyandhowtheeconomyaffectsthepricelevel.II.TheAggregateDemandCurveA.ThePriceLevelandtheMoneyMarket1.Thedemandformoneyisafunctionoftheinterestrate,thelevelofrealincome,andthepricelevel(chapter11[23]).2.Moneydemandwillincreaseifrealoutputincreases,thepricelevelincr

3、eases,ortheinterestratedeclines.(Ofcourse,adecreaseintheinterestratecausesanincreaseinthequantityofmoneydemanded.)TEACHINGTIP:IfyouusedtheIS–LMframework,tellstudentsthateachpointontheADcurveisanIS-LMequilibrium.AchangeinthepricelevelshiftstheLMcurve.Equilibriumisrestoredbymovementsalongt

4、heIScurve.B.DerivingtheAggregateDemandCurve1.Aggregatedemandisthetotaldemandforgoodsandservicesintheeconomy.2.Theaggregatedemandcurveassumesneitherthegovernmentnorcentralbankchangetheireconomicpolicyinresponsetochangesinthepricelevel.109110PrinciplesofMacroeconomics3.Anincreaseinthepricele

5、velcausesthelevelofaggregateoutputtofall.Whenthepricelevelincreasesnominalmoneydemandincreases.Theinterestraterises,reducingplannedinvestmentspendingandaggregateplannedexpenditure.4.Adecreaseinthepricelevelcausesthelevelofaggregateoutputtorise.Whenthepricelevelfallsnominalmoneydemanddecreas

6、es.Theinterestratefalls,increasingplannedinvestmentspendingandaggregateplannedexpenditure.TEACHINGTIP:RememberCaseandFairdevelopedmoneysupplyanddemandusingnominalvalues.Ifyou’reaccustomedtoworkingwithrealmoneydemandandsupply,itmayseemstrangethatachangeinthepricelevelcausesthemoneydemandc

7、urvetoshift.Theanswertothispuzzleliesinusingnominalvalues.5.Aggregateoutputandthepricelevelmoveinoppositedirections.Thisdefinestheaggregatedemandcurve.EachpointonADrepresentsequilibriuminboththegoodsmarketandthemoneymarket.C.TheAggregateDemandCurve:AWar