宏观经济学原理教辅 (23).pdf

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1、23(35)EconomicGrowthinDevelopingandTransitionalEconomiesOUTLINEOFTEXTMATERIALI.IntroductionA.Thesameeconomicprinciplesthathavebeenstudiedthroughthetextapplytoless-developedcountries.1.Scarcityisuniversal.2.Thismakeseconomicanalysisrelevanttoallnations,regardlessofthe

2、irlevelofmaterialwell-beingorrulingpoliticalideology.B.InstrumentsofEconomicManagement1.TheUnitedStatescaneffectivelyusemonetaryandfiscalpolicy.2.Externaland/orinternalconstraintsmaypreventlessdevelopedeconomiesfromusingeitherorbothoftheseinstruments.II.LifeintheDeve

3、lopingNations:PopulationandPovertyA.Population1.In2002theworldpopulationwasover6.2billionpeople.2.Mostofthe200countriesaredevelopingeconomies.Thosecountriescontainabout75%oftotalpopulation(about4.6billion).B.Early1960sClassifications1.Thedevelopedcountriesincludedmos

4、tofEurope,NorthAmerica,Japan,Australia,andNewZealand.2.Thedevelopingcountries(ThirdWorldcountries)includedtherestoftheworld.227228PrinciplesofMacroeconomicsC.The2002Classifications1.Rapideconomicprogressinmanycountrieschangedtheeconomiclandscapeandrequiredchangesinth

5、eclassificationsystem.2.Themiddle-income(newlyindustrialized)countriesincludetheformerlydevelopingcountriesthathavedeveloped.TheseincludeArgentinaandKorea.3.FourthWorldcountrieshaveactuallyregressedeconomically,fallingevenfurtherbehind.Theseincludemuchofsub-SaharanAf

6、ricaandSouthAsia.4.ThecountriesthatusedtomakeuptheSovietUnionhavedevelopedatvaryingrates.a.Somehavedeclinedtothepointwheretheyarenowdevelopingcountries.Albania,BosniaandHerzegovina,Tajikistan,andUzbekistanstillhavelowper-capitaincomes.b.Othershavemaderemarkableeconom

7、icprogress.TheseincludetheCzechRepublic,Estonia,andHungaryTOPICFORCLASSDISCUSSION:TheCIAWorldFactBookisavailablefordownloadingathttp://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html.(IfthatURLdoesn’twork,startathttp://www.cia.gov/andlookforthelink).TheFactBookconta

8、insawealthofinformationaboutcountriesoftheworld,includingeconomicdata.Dividetheclassintoteams,assigneachteamtoacountryandhavethempr