英语文体学Chapter-4-Deep-Structure-Deviation资料课件.ppt

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1、EnglishStylisticsChapter4Deep-StructureDeviationDeep-StructureDeviationDeepstructuredeviationreferstosemanticdeviation,whichmaybedefinedas“linguisticeffectsinvolvingsomethingoddinthecognitivemeaningofacertainlinguisticunit,e.g.,awordoraphrase.”(Leech)Deep-StructureDeviationContradiction

2、1Deception3Ambiguity4Transference24.1ContradictionContradictionisatypeofsemanticdeviationwhichconveysself-conflictinginformation.Itcanbedividedintotwotypeswhicharetermedinrhetoricoxymoronandparadox.4.1ContradictionOxymoronis“theyokingtogetheroftwoexpressionswhichareincompatible,sothatin

3、combinationtheyhavenoconceivableliteralreferencetoreality.”(Leech)E.g.CruelkindnessWhitedarknessTruelies无事忙deafeningsilenceamournfuloptimist4.1.1Oxymoron4.1ContradictionExample1Asthewretchedcreaturemumbledandchuckedinherhideousmerriment,theundertakerturnedtogoaway.(CharlesDickens,Oliver

4、Twist)4.1.1Oxymoron4.1ContradictionExample2Themajoragainpressedtohisblueeyesthetipsofthefingersthatweredisposedontheedgeofthewheeledchairwithcarefulcarelessness,aftertheCleopatramodelandMr.Dombeybowed.(CharlesDickens,DombeyandSon)4.1.1Oxymoron4.1ContradictionExample3Hishonourrootedindis

5、honourstoodAndfaithunfaithfulkepthimfalselytrue.(AlfredTennyson,LancelotandElaine)他那来源于不名誉的名誉依然如故，而那并不诚实的诚实保持虚伪的忠诚4.1.1Oxymoron4.1ContradictionExample4赠日本女郎最是那一低头的温柔，像一朵水莲花不胜凉风的娇羞，道一声珍重，道一声珍重，那一声珍重里有甜蜜的忧愁——沙扬娜拉！（徐志摩《沙扬娜拉十八首》）4.1.1Oxymoron4.1ContradictionAparadoxisastatementwhichisabsur

6、dbecauseitisself-evidentlyfalse.E.g.Morehaste,lessspeed.永远的时尚就是反时尚。最危险的地方才是最安全的地方。4.1.2Paradox4.1ContradictionExample1Nurse:HisnameisRomeo,andaMontague.Theonlysonofyourgreatenemy.Juliet:Myonlylovesprungfrommyonlyhate.Tooearlyseenunknownandknowntoolate!Prodigiousbirthoflovethatitistome,T

7、hatImustlovealoathedenemy.(WilliamShakespeare,RomeoandJuliet)4.1.2Paradox4.1ContradictionExample2Itwasabright,colddayinApril,andtheclockswerestrikingthirteen.(Orwell,NineteenEighty-Four)4.1.2Paradox4.1ContradictionGenerallyspeaking,oxymoronandparadoxaredevicesthatallowthelitera