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1、Chapter6StylisticFeaturesofDifferentKindsofEnglishExpressionsI.HumorandIronyA.幽默是一种常见的语言表现风格。它使语言诙谐,耐人寻味,能产生一种出乎意料的喜剧效果。Homonyms/homophonesWehavecoursestomakegrownmenyoungandyoungmengroan.OnSundaytheyprayforyouandonMondaytheypreyonyou.Callmeadoctorifyoulike.Callmewhatyouwill
2、.Butdon’tcallmeathalfpastthreeonaDecembermorningforanear-achethatyouhavehadfortwoweeks.PeoplewhodothingsthatcountneverstoptocountthemLetusimaginethatawomangoestothechemist’sforadevelopedfilm.Shesayssmugly(沾沾自喜地)tothechemist:“Idolookniceinthepicture,don’tI?”Handlingherthefilm
3、thechemistreplies:“Well,madam,theanswerliesinthenegative.”语言的幽默也可以通过文体风格予以实现。我们知道法官在法庭上常用的一句话:Doyouswearthatyouwilltellthetruth,thewholetruth,andnothingbutthetruth?如果一个人在牙科医生面前套用这句具有法律语言风格的句子而说道:Doyouswearthatyouwillpullthetooth,thewholetooth,andnothingbutthetooth?那必然会产生强烈的幽
4、默感。Icanresisteverythingexcepttemptation.(OscarWilde)ItwaswonderfultodiscoverAmerica,butitwouldhavebeenmorewonderfultomissit.(MarkTwain)Hewhocan,does.Hewhocannot,teaches.(GeorgeBernardShaw)Experienceisthenameeveryonegivestotheirmistakes.(OscarWilde)Ihavenothingtodeclareexcept
5、mygenius.(OscarWilde)B.反语就是说反话,或正话反说,或反话正说。反语真正的意思不是来自于字面,而是由特定的上下文所赋予的。Itisaveryjustifiablecauseofwartoinvadeacountryafterthepeoplehavebeenwasted(消瘦)byfamine(饥荒),destroyedbypestilence(瘟疫),orembroiled(纠缠/混乱)byfactions(派别)amongthemselves.Itisjustifiabletoenterintowaragainstou
6、rnearestally(同盟国),whenoneofhistownsliesconvenientforus,oraterritoryofland,thatwouldrenderourdominions(疆土/领土)roundandcomplete.Ifaprincesendsforcesintoanationwherethepeoplearepoorandignorant,hemaylawfullyputhalfofthemtodeath,andmakeslavesoftherest,inordertocivilize(使文明)andredu
7、cethemfromtheirbarbarous(野蛮的)wayofliving.Itisaveryjustifiablecauseofwartoinvadeacountryafterthepeoplehavebeenwasted(消瘦)byfamine,destroyedbypestilence(瘟疫),orembroiled(纠缠/混乱)byfactions(派别/派系)amongthemselves.Itisjustifiabletoenterintowaragainstournearestally(同盟国),whenoneofhisto
8、wnsliesconvenientforus,oraterritoryofland,thatwouldrenderourdominions(疆土/领土
