资源描述：
《英语教材 应用文体学-Chapter III 文体学 (2).ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、II.LexicalMeaning(GeoffreyLeech:Britishlinguist)Grammaticalmeaningisdominantinfunctionwords,whilelexicalmeaningisdominantincontentwords,butinneitherisgrammaticalmeaningabsent.Lexicalmeaningisdifferentfromgrammaticalmeaningintworespects:first,thelexicalmeaning
2、ofawordisthesameinalltheformsofoneandthesameword,whilethegrammaticalmeaningvariesfromoneword-formtoanother;second,everywordhasadifferentlexicalmeaning,whereasthegrammaticalmeaningisthesameinidenticalsetsofindividualformsofdifferentwords.Hencewemaydescribelexi
3、calmeaningasthatcomponentofmeaningpropertothewordasalexicalitem.1.Conceptualmeaning(denotation=extensional&intensionalmeaning/referentialmeaning/descriptivemeaning):a.conceptualmeaning:basicmeaningincommunication:(womanpigfox)b.conceptualmeaningcanbeclassifie
4、dintoseveralsensecomponents:componentialanalysis:pig:animal/domesticated/havingalongbroadsnout/havingathick,fatbodycoveredwithcoarsebristles.tiger:animal/wild/flesh-eating/havingatawny（黄褐色的）coatstripedwithblack.c.概念意义是客观事实的反映或概括，是泛指，不是确指。因此客观事物变化了，conceptualm
5、eaningmayalsochange:(penmanuscriptmarshaldeer)barn:存大麦的粮仓—谷仓—牲口仓wife:woman---amarriedwomaninrelationtoahusband.)d.apolysemicwordmayhaveseveralconceptualmeaningsaccordingtodifferentcontexts:operationpowerhead.Conceptualmeaningisthecoreoflexicalmeaning,andallth
6、eotheraspectsoflexicalmeaningfallintoassociativemeaning2.Connotativemeaning:Woman:frail,pronetotears,emotional,inconstant,compassionate（有同情心的）,hard-working.Anyway,sheisawoman.Tomisapig(脏；贪吃).Heispigheaded(stubborn).Heisanass(foolish/stupid).a.Thesamewordmayha
7、vedifferentconnotativemeaningsfordifferentpeople:Home,sweethome,thereisnoplacelikehome.Christmas快乐/快活收礼物,发愁;Chinese年关b.在不同语言中，connotation可相同或不同：fox,lamb（宝贝，乖乖）,mother,tiger,wolf(色狼？),goat(色鬼）,white.‘Outinwestwheremenaremen.’‘Bloodisthickerthanwater.’‘Theworld
8、isastage.’‘Lifeisadream.’Magpie吉利，喜气（汉语）；唠叨，饶舌的（英语）Owl恶运(Chinese)；冷静，智慧(English).Yellow(帝王/胆怯);chicken-hearted/chicken-livered(胆小如鼠);dragon.Anostrichpolicy:toburyone’sheadinthesandlikeano
