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1、Chapter4 Non-verbalcommunication2021/7/301IntroductionCommunicationingeneralisaprocessofsendingandreceivingmessagesthatenableshumanstoshareknowledge,attitudes,andskills.Althoughweusuallyidentifycommunicationwithspeech,communicationiscomposedoftwodimensions-verbalandnonverbal.2021/7/302Nonverbalcommu
2、nicationNonverbalcommunicationhasbeendefinedascommunicationwithoutwords.Itincludesapparentbehaviorssuchasfacialexpressions,eyecontact,touching,andtoneofvoice,aswellaslessobviousmessagessuchasdress,postureandspatialdistancebetweentwoormorepeople.2021/7/303NonverbalcommunicationCommonly,nonverbalcommu
3、nicationislearnedshortlyafterbirthandpracticedandrefinedthroughoutaperson’slifetime.Childrenfirstlearnnonverbalexpressionsbywatchingandimitating,muchastheylearnverbalskills.2021/7/304NonverbalcommunicationHumansusenonverbalcommunicationbecause:1)Wordshavelimitations:Therearenumerousareaswherenonverb
4、alcommunicationismoreeffectivethanverbal(theshape,directions,personalitiesareexpressednonverbally)2021/7/305Nonverbalsignalsarepowerful:Nonverbalcuesprimaryexpressinnerfeelings(verbalmessagesdealbasicallywithoutsideworld).Comparedwithverbalmessages,nonverbalmessagescanbemoreemotionalintheirappealand
5、impactthanverbalones.2021/7/306physicalcontactplacesanotherlayerofmeaningonwhatisbeingsaid,andthislayerisusuallymoreemotionalandforcefulthanverbalmeans.forexample,yourtears,evenwhenperceivedbysomeonefromanotherculture,haveamuchstrongerimpactthanthewords“Iamsad”2021/7/307Thefunctionsofnon-verbalcommu
6、nicationRepeatingContradicting(否定)Substituting(代替)Complementing(补充)Accenting(强调)Regulating(调节)2021/7/308Apairofloverssay“Iloveyou”toeachother,andtheyhug.2021/7/309ExamplesWhenyoutellothersthedirectionandatthesametimepointitwithyourfingers)如假意表扬某人“你干的不错”,同时向另一个人使眼色表示不满。Whenthefathercriticizeshisson,t
7、hesonsaysnothing,butlooksathisfatherangrily.2021/7/3010Whensomeonemademistakes,hecriticizeshimselfontheonehand,andontheother,hisfacialexpressionsshowsthathowregrettedheis.Whilespeaking,peopleusegestur
