任务型教学法 Task-based language teaching.ppt

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1、Chapter18Task-BasedLanguageTeachingBackgroundTask-BasedLanguageTeaching(TBLT)referstoanapproachbasedontheuseoftasksasthecoreunitofplanningandinstructioninlanguageteaching.ItispresentedasalogicaldevelopmentofCLTsinceitdrawsonseveralprinciplesthatformedpartoftheCLTmovementfromthe1980

2、s.Eg:Activitiesthatinvolverealcommunicationareessentialforlanguagelearning.Activitiesinwhichlanguageisusedforcarryingoutmeaningfultaskspromotelearning.Languagethatismeaningfultothelearnersupportsthelearningprocess.Tasksareproposedasusefulvehiclesforapplyingtheseprinciples.Earlyappl

3、icationsofthisapproachinMalaysianandBangaloreProjectswereshortlived,buttheroleoftasksreceivedfurthersupportfromresearchofSLA,withoutmuchevidenceofsuccessingrammar-focusedteachingactivities.Engaginglearnersintaskworkprovidesabettercontextfortheactivationoflearningprocessesthanform-f

4、ocusedactivities,andhenceultimatelyprovidesbetteropportunitiesforLLtotakeplaceLLisbelievedtodependonimmersingssnotmerelyin“comprehensibleinput”butintasksthatrequirethemtonegotiatemeaningandengageinnaturalisticandmeaningfulcommunication.BecauseofitslinkstoCLTmethodologyandsupportfro

5、mSLAtheorists,TBLThasgainedconsiderableattentionwithinappliedlinguistics,thoughtherehavebeenfewlarge-scalepracticalapplicationsofitandlittledocumentationconcerningitsimplicationsoreffectivenessasabasisforsyllabusdesign,materialsdevelopment,andclassroomteachingHistory1950s:firstappe

6、aredinthevocationaltrainingpractices1975:theMalaysianCommunicationalSyllabus1985:theBangaloreProject(Prabhu)1989:DavidNunanoffershisdefinition.1980s:tasksasSLAresearchtools(LongandCrookes)1996:Someofitsproponents(e.g.Willis)presentitasalogicaldevelopmentofCLT.1998s:Feezcomeupthekey

7、assumptionsoftask-basedinstruction.Keyassumptionsoftask-basedinstructionP224Thefocusisonprocessratherthanproduct.Basicelementsarepurposefulactivitiesandtasksthatemphasizecommunicationandmeaning.Learnerslearnlanguagebyinteractingcommunicativelyandpurposefullywhileengagedintheactivit

8、iesandtasks.Activitiesandt