土木工程外文翻译-建筑结构的成本.doc

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1、TheCostofBuildingStructure1.IntroductionTheartofarchitecturaldesignwascharacterizedasoneofdealingcomprehensivelywithacomplexsetofphysicalandnonphysicaldesigndeterminants.Structuralconsiderationswerecastasimportantphysicaldeterminantsthatshouldbedealtwithinahierarchicalfashioniftheyaretohaveasig

2、nificantimpactonspatialorganizationandenvironmentalcontroldesignthinking.Theeconomicalaspectofbuildingrepresentsanonphysicalstructuralconsiderationthat,infinalanalysis,mustalsobeconsideredimportant.Costconsiderationsareincertainwaysaconstrainttocreativedesign.Butthisneednotbeso.Ifsomethingiskno

3、wnoftherelationshipbetweenstructuralandconstructivedesignoptionsandtheircostofimplementation,itisreasonabletobelievethatcreativitycanbeenhanced.Thishasbeenconfirmedbytheauthors’observationthatmostenhanced.Thishasbeenconfirmedbytheauthors’observationthatmostcreativedesigninnovationssucceedunderc

4、ompetitivebiddingandnotbecauseofunusualowneraffluenceasthefewpublicizedcasesofextravagancemightleadonetobelieve.Onecouldevensaythatadesignerwhoistrulycreativewillproducearchitecturalexcellencewithintheconstraintsofeconomy.Especiallytoday,wefindthatthereisaneedtorecognizethateleganceandeconomyca

5、nbecomesynonymousconcepts.Therefore,inthischapterwewillsetforthabriefexplanationoftheparametersofcostanalysisandthemeansbywhichdesignersmayevaluatetheoveralleconomicimplicationsoftheirstructuralandarchitecturaldesignthinking.Thecostofstructurealonecanbemeasuredrelativetothetotalcostofbuildingco

6、nstruction.Or,sincethetotalconstructioncostisbutapartofatotalprojectcost,onecouldincludeadditionalconsiderationforland(10～20percent),financeandinterest(100～200percent),taxesandmaintenancecosts(ontheorderof20percent).Butadiscussionoftheseso-calledarchitecturalcostsisbeyondthescopeofthisbook,andw

7、ewillfocusonthecostofconstructiononly.Ontheaverage,purelystructuralcostsaccountforabout25percentoftotalconstructioncosts,Thisissobecauseithasbeentraditionaltodiscriminatebetweenpurelystructuralandotherso-calledarchitecturalcostsof