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1、食品掺假检测方法研究进展张健一、为何要实施掺假检测二、如何实施掺假检测三、实例四、国内外仪器检测技术研究进展五、国内外软件分析技术研究进展一、为何要实施掺假检测生产企业:品牌保障,经济保障消费者:安全保障,经济保障监管部门:“有法必依”的保障二、如何实施掺假检测已知掺假物的检测常规检测可操作(如:三聚氰胺、合成色素、瘦肉精等)常规检测无法操作(如:食品中原来就有的成分)未知掺假物的检测常规检测无法操作解决办法:只有靠先进的分析仪器,对食品中多种成分进行准确定量,并在此基础上结合化学计量学建模判别,才可能彻底解决食品掺假检测问题。实例AN
2、OVAPCASixprincipalcomponentswitheigenvalueshigherthan1(Kaiser’srule)thataccountedforonly70.7%ofthetotalvariance,wereconsideredsignificant.Principalcomponents1(PC1)and2(PC2)accountedfor24.1%and18.1%,respectively,ofthetotalvariability.CabernetSauvignonwinescanbedescribedas
3、richinv19,v26,v6,v9andv7,Merlotwineswereassociatedwiththeattributesv20,v10,v3,v24,v16,v2andv25,andCabernetGernischtwinesassociatedwithhighercontentsofv28,v17,v5andv11.SLDATheresultshaveshownthatwithonly11(v2,v3,v6,v7,v11,v17,v18,v24,v25,v27andv28)ofthe19initialvariables,
4、itispossibletodifferentiatethewinesobtainedfromthethreedifferentgrapevarieties.Onlythetwofirstdiscriminantfunctionsarestatisticallysignificant(Wilks’lambdavalues),explaining100%ofvariability(71.6%and28.4%,respectively).Thecoefficientsofthevariablesinthetwofirstdiscrimina
5、ntfunctions(Table2)revealwhichvariableshaveagreaterinfluenceonthose.Therecognitionability,accordingtotheaposterioriprobabilitieswasof100%foralltheconsideredclasses.Thepredictionability(Table3)was100%forCabernetSauvignonandCabernetGernischtwines,butonly92.31%forMerlotwine
6、s.Threegroupsrepresentingeachvarietyofwinecanbeclearlyobserved.IdentificationofdiscriminantvolatilecompoundsApplicabilitytestConclusion例子的启示1、食品掺假鉴别不容易2、食品掺假鉴别必需要测定一些特征性成分(如:挥发性成分、矿物质成分、酚类物质、同位素比例、波谱吸收、DNA、蛋白质谱等)3、食品掺假鉴别常需要适当的化学计量学方法配合建模。三、特征性成分检测技术研究进展1、Spectroscopictec
7、hniques2、Chromatographictechniques3、Electronicnose4、DNA-basedtechnology5、Immunologicaltechnology6、Thermaltechniques1、Spectroscopictechniques(1)MIRandNIRspectroscopy(2)Ramanspectroscopy(3)NMRspectroscopy(4)SNIF-NMRandIRMS(5)FluorescentandUV–visspectroscopy(1)MIRandNIRspec
8、troscopyMIR:4000–400cm-1,molecularbondsNIR:14000–4000cm-1,complexstructuralinformationCommonmerit:rapid