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1、英汉的文化涵及其翻译[Abstract]Ascarriersofcultures,ChineseandEnglishnamesarefullofculturalconnotations,andresultinculturalgapbetweenEnglishandChinese.Personalnamesarenotonlysymbolsthatdistinguishonepersonfromothers,butalsosocialsymbols.Itis“amirrorofculture”.Throughcomparativestudyonanation’shistory,reli
2、gion,conceptsofmoralandvalue,wecanseedifferentculturalconnotationsbetweenEnglishandChinesenames.Andthensuggestsometranslationprinciplesandmethods.TherearesomesimilaritiesbetweenEnglishandChinesenames,suchastotemism,consciousnessofroot-seeking,specializingpoints.InChinesenames,wecanfindthecultur
3、eofreligiousconcepts,Confucian-worship,hierarchy.Andthereligion,personal-orientation,individualismcanalsobefoundinEnglishnames.InthetranslationofChineseandEnglishnames,translatorsshouldfollowthepronunciationoftheowner’slanguageandadopttheestablishedpopulartranslatednames,usetransliterationandpa
4、raphrasesoastoreflecttherealmeaningofEnglishandChinesenames.[KeyWords]EnglishnamesandChinesenames;culturalconnotation;translationprinciple;translationmethod[摘要]，作为一种文化载体，蕴涵着极其丰富的文化涵，英汉因而存在着巨大的文化差异。不仅仅是一种简单的区别于他人的符号，它同时也代表一种社会文化现象，被喻为“文化的镜像”。通过对英汉的历史渊源，信仰，价值观念等的对比研究，揭示出英汉的深层文化涵及社会文化因素的影响，进而对这种富载
5、文化涵的的翻译提出翻译原则和翻译翻译方法。英汉文化的共性，如图腾崇拜，寻根意识，特指性，心理暗示等使英汉不同的系统中出现一些类同的现象。英汉文化涵的差异，如中国的观念，崇儒思想，等级制度等文化因素都可以从中国人的中反映出来。而英语民族的信仰，个人取向，强调个性也在英语中有所反映。由于英汉的文化差异，在翻译英汉时应遵循“名从主人原则”和“约定俗成原则”，采取音译法和释义法，或者两者相结合，使人名的真实涵得到体现。[关键词]英汉；文化涵；翻译原则；翻译方法 1．IntroductionNamesareusedbyhumanbeingsandtheyarethesignsforpeople
6、todistinguishonepersonfromtheothers.Theyhavesomeparticularfunctionsthatnoothersignscanperform.Theyarenotonlylinguisticsymbols,butalsosocialsymbols,representingrelationshipinsocietiesandcultures.“Eachpersonhashisnamewhichdistinguisheshimselffromothermembersinthecommunity,andeachcountryhasitsownn
7、amesystemowingtotheirdifferenthistoricalandculturalbackground”.[1]P1Inaword,personalnamesarewindowsforpeopletoseethroughdifferentculturesindifferentsocieties.Forthesereasons,thetranslationofChineseandEnglishnamesshouldfollowthepro
