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1、ANNATTOEXTRACT(SOLVENT-EXTRACTEDNORBIXIN)(TENTATIVE)Preparedatthe61stJECFA(2003)andpublishedinFNP52Add11(2003).Thepreviousspecificationsforannattoextracts(solvent-extracted)preparedatthe46thJECFA(1996),publishedinFNP52Add4(1996)havebeenreplacedbytheseandseparatespecificationsfor“Annattoextra
2、ct(solvent-extractedbixin)”.AtemporaryADIof0–0.4mg/kgbwstwasestablishedatthe61JECFA(2003).Informationrequiredonchemicalcharacterisationofthenon-pigmentcomponentofcommercialproductsSYNONYMSL.Orange,CI(1975)75120(NaturalOrange4),INS160bDEFINITIONSeedsfromtheannattotree(BixaorellanaL.)arewashed
3、withsolventtodissolvepigment.Theextractisfilteredtoremoveinsolublematerial.Subsequentprocessinginvolvesremovaloffatsandwaxes,solventremoval,crystallisationanddrying.Solventsusedcanbeoneormoreof:hexane,acetone,ethanol,(alkaline)methanol,isopropanol,ethylacetate.Aqueousalkaliisaddedtotheresult
4、antpowder,whichisthenheatedtohydrolysethepigmentandcooled.Theaqueoussolutionisfiltered,andacidifiedtoprecipitatethenorbixin.Theprecipitateisfiltered,washed,driedandmilled,togiveagranularpowder.Thermaldegradationproductsmayalsobepresentasaresultofprocessing.Themajorcolouringprincipaliscis-nor
5、bixin.Aminorcolouringprincipalistrans-norbixin.Chemicalname9'-cis-6,6'-Diapocarotene-6,6'-dioicacid;mono-ordi-sodiumsalt,mono-ordi-potassiumsaltC.A.S.numbercis-Norbixin626-76-6ChemicalformulaC24H28O4,C24H26Na2O4,C24H26K2O4StructuralformulaR=H,Na,KFormulaweight380.48(acid),424.45(sodiumsalt);
6、456.68(potassiumsalt)AssayNotlessthan85%pigment(expressedasnorbixin)DESCRIPTIONDarkred-browntored-purplepowderFUNCTIONALUSESColourCHARACTERISTICSIDENTIFICATIONSolubility(Vol.4)Solubleinalkalinewater,slightlysolubleinethanolUV/VISabsorptionThesamplein0.5%potassiumhydroxidesolutionshowsabsorba
7、nce(Vol.4)maximaatabout453nmand482nmThinLayerChromatographyActivateaTLCplate(e.g.LK6DSILICAGEL60A(layerthickness:250µm,size:5x20cm))for1hat110°.Preparea5%solutionofthesamplein95%ethanolandapply10µltotheplate.Allowtodryanddevelopusingamixtureofn-but
