欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:52722042
大小:149.50 KB
页数:13页
时间:2020-03-30
《英语语言学期末复习宝典.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、LinguisticslChapter1LanguageandLinguisticsLanguageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.b5E2RGbCAPFeaturesoflanguage:displacement,arbitrariness,productivity/creativity,culturaltransmission,duality,discreteness不连续性p1EanqFDPw1.1★Thenatureoflanguage:考论述①languageissystem
2、atic.Innaturalverbalcommunication,peoplecanlearnandusealanguageconsistently.Thisshowsthatlanguageissystematic.Thispropertyisusuallyclaimedtobeuniquetohumans.②languageissymbolic.Asweknow,peopleusesignstocommunicate,whichmeansthatlanguageinvolvessigns.Theconceptionofsignthroughhasevolvedt
3、hroughalonghistoryofphilosophicaldiscussions,datingtotheMiddleAge.③languageisarbitrary.(convention>Arbitrarinessdoesnotmeanthateverythingaboutlanguageisunpredictable.Theformsoflinguisticsignsbearnonaturalresemblancetotheirmeaning.④languageisprimarilyvocal.Alllanguagesusesounds.Childrenl
4、earntospeakbeforetheylearntoreadandwrite。childrenautomaticallylearnalanguageastheygrowup。thespokenformcameearlierthanthewritteninhumanhistory。writingisbasedonspeech。peopleusespokenlanguagemoreoftenthanwriting⑤languageishumanspecific.Therearecertaincharacteristicsofhumanlanguagethatareno
5、tfoundinthecommunicationsystemsofanyotherspecies.Althoughmostanimalsareassumedtocommunicateinsomeway,theyconveylimitedinformationandonlyexpressemotionssuchasfearandwarnings.⑥languageisusedforcommunication.Languageistheresultofourcommunicativeneeds.Itsattractivenesscomesfromitssocialutil
6、ity.Languageenablesustocommunicateourgeneralattitudestowardlifeandothers.DXDiTa9E3d1)languageissystematicEachhumanlanguageisorganizedintotwobasicsystems,asystemofsoundsandasystemofmeanings.Thisiscalledthedualityoflanguage.Linguisticsisconcernednotonlywithcharacteristicsofthetwosystemsbu
7、talsowiththeirrelationship.RTCrpUDGiTSoundsareunitswhichcombinetomakewordsorpartsofwords,differentsequencesofsoundshavedifferenceinmeaning.Elementshavenomeaningthemselves.Thenumberofwordsinalanguageisrelativelyfinitebuttheirpossiblecombinationcanbeinfinite.5PCzVD7HxAInalanguage
此文档下载收益归作者所有