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1、ThePoliticalSystemintheUnitedStatesArticlesofConfederation联邦条款WhentheWarofIndependencewasover,eachnewstatehaditsowngovernmentandwasorganizedlikeanindependenetnation.However,thesestateswouldraisemoneytopayoffdebtsofthewar,establishamoneysystemanddealwithforeignn
2、ationsinmakingtreaties.TheagreementthatsetthisplanofcooperationwascalledtheArticlesofConfederationTheArticlesofConfederationfailedBecausethestatesdidnotcooperateTheCongressatthetimehadbeengivennoauthoritytoforceanystatetodoanything.InMayof1787ConstitutionalConv
3、entionbeganInPhiladelphiaGeorgeWashington,themilitaryherooftheWarofIndependencebeingthepresidingofficer.12statesexceptRhodeIslandAwrittenconstitutionisaformaldocumentdefiningthenatureoftheconstitutionalsettlement,therulesthatgovernthepoliticalsystemandtherights
4、ofcitizensandgovernmentsinacodified编成法典form.ThemaincontentsofConstitutionAPreambleMakesitclearthatthegovernmentissetupby“We,thePeople”Itspurposeisto“promotethegeneralwelfareandsecuretheblessingoflibertytoourselvesandourposterity.”We,thepeopleoftheUnitedStates,i
5、nordertoformamoreperfectUnion,establishjustice,insuredomestictranquility,provideforthecommondefense,promotethegeneralwelfare,andsecuretheblessingsoflibertytoourselvesandourposterity,doordainandestablishthisConstitutionfortheUnitedStatesofAmerica.我们合众国人民，为建立更完善的
6、联盟，树立正义，保障国内安宁，提供共同防务，促进公共福利，并使我们自己和后代得享自由的幸福，特为美利坚合众国制定本宪法。“BillofRights”In1791addedtotheConstitutionWithoutguaranteeingthefreedomorthebasicrightsandprivilegesofcitizensTwofearsinwritingtheconstitutionOnefear:onepersonorgroupmightbecometoopowerful.Agovernmentc
7、onsistingofthreeparts,orbranches,theexecutive,thelegislativeandthejudicialwassetup.Anotherfearthenewcentralgovernmentmightweakenortakeawaythepowerofstategovernments.TheConstitutionspecifiedexactlywhatpowerthecentralgovernmenthadandwhichpowerwasreservedforthesta
8、tes.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesItisoneinwhichpowerissharedbetweenacentralauthorityanditsconstituentpartswithsomerightsreservedtoeachSeperationofthreepowers:legislative,
