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1、CanineCoronavirusInfectionsinJapan:VirologicalandEpidemiologicalAspectsChikashiBANDAI,ShinryoISHIGURO,NozomiMASUYA,TsutomuHOHDATSU1)andMasamiMOCHIZUKI2)*CentralLaboratories,KyoritsuShojiCorporation,2–9–22Takamihara,Kukisaki,Ibaraki300–1252,1)DepartmentofVeterinaryInfectiousDiseases,SchoolofVeterina
2、ryMedicineandAnimalSciences,KitasatoUniversity,Towada,Aomori034–0021,and2)LaboratoryofClinicalMicrobiology,KyoritsuShojiCorporation,Tokyo102–0073,Japan(Received12November1998/Accepted2February1999)ABSTRACT.Tenstrains,eightfieldandtworeferencelaboratorystrains,ofcaninecoronavirus(CCV)werecomparative
3、lyexaminedwithrespecttoantigenicrelationshipsandpathogenicpotentialindogs.WithmonoclonalantibodiesandhyperimmuneantiseratofelinecoronavirusandCCV,respectively,varyingdegreesofantigenicdiversitieswerefoundamongthestrainsbyneutralizationandimmunofluorescenceassays,butitwasfeltthattheybelongtooneserot
4、ype.Specific-pathogen-freepuppiesexperimentallyinoculatedwithsomeCCVstrainsmanifestedclinicalsymptoms,buttherewasadifferenceintheirvirulence.InordertoelucidatetheprevalenceofCCVinfectionsindogsinJapan,wetestedforneutralizingantibodiestoCCVin467fielddogs,andfoundaprevalenceof44.1%.Moreover,byusingne
5、stedreversetranscriptase—polymerasechainreactiononrectalswabsof100diarrheicdogsrecentlypresentedinveterinaryclinics,evidenceofCCVin16%ofthesespecimenswasfound.TheresultssuggestedthatCCVinfectionismorewidespreadthanexpectedindogs,andthatCCVisasignificantetiologicfactorincaninediarrheaalsoinJapan.—KE
6、YWORDS:canine,caninecoronavirus,diarrhea,enteritis.J.Vet.Med.Sci.61(7):731–736,1999Caninecoronavirus(CCV)wasfirstisolatedin1971byweexaminedeightstrainsnewlyisolatedfromdiarrheicBinnandcoworkersfromdogswithdiarrhea[6].Youngdogs,andtwoAmericanstrainsasreferencewithrespecttopups,experimentallychalleng
7、edwiththiscoronavirustheirantigenicandpathogeniccharacteristics.For(designatedasstrain1–71),developedacutediarrhea.TheserologicalepidemiologyofCCVinfection,neutralizingviruscouldbedemonstratedinthesmallandl
