高绩效供应链链 管理.doc

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1、高绩效供应链链管理5屮心设施与地方设施的比较设施战略屮心设施地方设施安全库存水平较低较高管理成本较低较高经济规模大较小提前期一般较大一般较小服务水平一般较大一般较小库存水平低于同服务水平的分散型较高需求预测水平较高较低牛鞭效应较小较大ThepushsectionUncertaintyisrelativelylowEconomiesofscaleimportantLongleadtimesComplexsupplychainstrueturesThusManagementbasedonforecastsisappropriateFocusisoncostminimizationAchievedb

2、yeffectiveresourceutilization-supplychainoptimiz；8tionThepul1sectionHighuncertaintySimplesupplychainstructureShortleadtimesThusReactingtorealizeddemandisimportantFocusonservicelevelFlexibleandresponsiveapproaches产品与彳亍业相匹配的供应链战略框架半需求不确定性越高就越应半采用根据实际需求管理供应链的模式-拉动战略而需求不确定性越低就越应该采用根据长期预测管理供应链的模式推动战略同样规模

3、效益对降低成本更重要组合需求价值越高就越应为采用推动战略如果规模经济不那么重要就应半采用拉动战略滑雪衫的预测需求不确定性非常高成功的一个策略就是将高风险和低风险的设计区分开来Thefigureprovidesexamplesofthelocationofthepush-pullboundaryforvariouscompaniesandindustriesWhatistheimpactofpushingthepush-pul1boundaryfromrighttoleftClearlyasitemsmovealongthesupplychaintimelinefromlefttorightth

4、eirvalueincreaseThuslocatingtheboundaryasfartotheleftaspossiblewillreduceinventoryholdingcostHoweverthisisappropriateforproductswithshortassemblyandtransportation1eadtimessmallertrucks更小批量的货物Chapter5SupplyChainIntegration51Introduction如何选择驱动供应链的方式推动型系统与拉动型系统推-拉式系统如何选择配送决策机构集屮控制战略与分散控制战略如何做出配送决策的方式直接

5、运输的战略仓丿车的战略直接转运的战略如何选择生产和储仓屮心机构与地方机构的战略52AnewSupplyChainParadigmAshiftfromaPushSystemProductiondecisionsarebasedonforecasttoaPush-PullSystemcomTheOldParadigmPushStrategiesProductiondecisionsbasedonlong-termforecastsOrderingdecisionsbasedoninventoryforecasts制造商零售商产品夕卜咅b需求定单Whataretheproblemswithpushs

6、trategiesInabilitytomeetchangingdemandpatternsObsolescenceThebullwhipeffectExcessiveinventoryExcessiveproductionvariabilityPoorservicelevelscomANewerParadigmPullStrategiesProductionisdemanddrivenProductionanddistributioncoordinatedwithtruecustomerdemandFirmsrespondtospecificorders制造商零售商产品夕卜部需求信息Pull

7、StrategiesresultinReducedleadtimesbetteranticipationDecreasedinventorylevelsatretailersandmanufacturersDecreasedsystemvariabilityBetterresponsetochangingmarketsButHardertoleverageeconomiesofscaleDoesn