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1、VeterinaryMicrobiology,28(1991)243-255243ElsevierSciencePublishersB.V.,AmsterdamPerspectivesontheepizootiologyoffelineentericcoronavirusandthepathogenesisoffelineinfectiousperitonitisJamesF.Evermanna'b,AlisonJ.McKeirnanbandRichardL.Otta~DepartmentofVeterinaryCli
2、nicalMedicineandSurgeryandbWashingtonAnimalDiseaseDiagnosticLaboratory,CollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,WashingtonStateUniversity,Pullman,Washington99164-6610,USA(Accepted7February1991)ABSTRACTEvermann,J.F.,McKeirnan,A.J.andOtt,R.L.,1991.Perspectivesontheepizootiolog
3、yoffelineentericcoronavirusandthepathogenesisoffelineinfectiousperitonitis.Vet.Microbiol.,28:243-255.Thisreviewpresentssomecurrentthoughtsregardingtheepizootiologyofthefelinecoronaviruses;felineinfectiousperitonitisvirus(FIPV)andfelinecoronavirus(FECV),withprima
4、ryemphasisonthepathogenesisofthesevirusesinnature.Althoughthemechanism(s)wherebyFIPVcausesdiseasearestillincompletelyunderstood,therehavebeensignificantcontributionstotheliteratureoverthepastdecadewhichprovideaframeworkuponwhichplausibleexplanationscanbepostulat
5、ed.TwoconceptsarepresentedwhichattempttoclarifythepathogenesisofFIPVandatthesametimemayserveasanimpetusforfurtherresearch.Thefirstinvolvesthehypothesis,originallypromulgatedbyPedersenin1981,thatFIPVisderivedfromFECVduringvirusreplicationinthegastrointestinaltrac
6、t.Thesecondinvolvesauniquemechanismofthemucosalimmunesystemreferredtoasoraltolerance,whichundernormalconditionspromotestheproductionofsecretoryimmunityandsup-pressestheproductionofsystemicimmunity.InthecaseofFIPVinfection,weproposethatoraltoleranceisimportantint
7、hecontrolofthevirusatthegastrointestinaltractlevel.Onceoraltoleranceisdisrupted,FIPViscapableofsystemicspreadresultinginimmune-mediatedvasculitisanddeath.Thus,itmaybethatclinicalformsofFIPareduetoacombinationoftwoevents,thefirstbeingthegenerationofFIPVfromFECV,a
8、ndthesecondbeingthecapacityofFIPVtocircumventoraltolerance.INTRODUCTIONFelinecoronavirusinfectionsoccupyauniquepositioninthepathogenesisofdiseasesofcatsduetotherangeo
