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1、«/.Ilyg.,Camb.(1985),95,173-189PrintedinGreatBritainEffectofspecifichumoralimmunityandsomenon-specificfactorsonresistanceofvolunteerstorespiratorycoronavirusinfectionBYKATHLEENA.CALLOWCommonColdResearchUnit,HarvardHospital,CoombeRoad,Salisbury,Wiltshire,U.K.(Received28November1984;accepted18F
2、ebruary1985)SUMMARYThirty-threevolunteerswereinoculatedintranasallywithcoronavirus229E,andtheirresponsesmonitoredbyantibodyrises,symptomatologyandvirusexcretion.Thesewererelatedtotheirpre-trialimmunestatusasindicatedbyconcentrationsofspecificantibodiesandnon-specificproteinsinserumandnasalwas
3、hings.Bothcirculatingandlocalspecificantibodieswereassociatedwithprotectionfrominfectionanddisease,butonlyspecificIgAantibodiesofeithertypeappearedtoshortentheperiodofvirusshedding.AlthoughtotalsecretoryIgAwassignificantlyassociatedonlywithreductionofsymptoms,totalproteininnasalwashingsappear
4、edtoprotectagainstinfectionalso,indicatingthatotherlocallyproducedproteins,notidentified,maybeassociatedwithresistance.Twoofthemanyfactorswhichmayaffecttheconcentrationofcirculatingandlocalprotectiveproteinsandthusinfluencetheoutcomeofvirusinoculation,namely,sexofthevolunteerandtheintervalsin
5、cethepreviouscold,wereexamined.Malevolunteersorvolunteerswhohadhadevidenceofarecentrespira-toryinfectionwerelesslikelytobeinfected,butiftheywereinfected,theyhadlowerclinicalscoresandstoppedsheddingvirusearlierthantherest.Thesegroupspossessedhigherconcentrationsofspecificantibodiesandnon-speci
6、ficproteinsintheirpre-challengeseraand/ornasalwashings.Thesignificanceofthesefindingsisdiscussed.INTRODUCTIONInfectionwithmanyrespiratoryvirusesconfersresistancetoreinfectionbuttheamountandmechanismseemtovaryandremainobscure.Inexperimentalparainfluenzaorrespiratorysyncytialvirusinfectionofadu
7、lts,resistanceappearedtobeprimarilyassociatedwiththepresenceoflocalnasalsecretoryantibody(Smithetal.1966;Millsetal.1971).Incontrast,circulatingantibodyseemstoconferprotectionagainstadenovirusinfections(Edmondsonetal1966).Theresultsofexperimen
