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1、BackgroundInformationDigitalCashInternetInternet,computer-basedglobalinformationsystem,iscomposedofmanyinterconnectedcomputernetworks.Eachnetworkmaylinktens,hundreds,oreventhousandsofcomputers,enablingthemtoshareinformationwithoneanotherandtosharecomputationalresourcessuchaspowerfulsupercom
2、putersanddatabasesofinformation.InternetTheInternethasmadeitpossibleforpeopleallovertheworldtocommunicatewithoneanothereffectivelyandinexpensively.Unliketraditionalbroadcastingmedia,suchasradioandtelevision,theInternetdoesnothaveacentralizeddistributionsystem.InternetInstead,anindividualwho
3、hasInternetaccesscancommunicatedirectlywithanyoneelseontheInternet,makeinformationavailabletoothers,andfindinformationprovidedbyothers,orsellproductswithaminimumoverheadcost.InternetTheInternethasbroughtnewopportunitiestogovernment,business,andeducation.GovernmentsusetheInternetforinternalc
4、ommunication,distributionofinformation,andautomatedtaxprocessing.Inadditiontoofferinggoodsandservicesonlinetocustomers,businessesusetheInternettointeractwithotherbusinesses.InternetManyindividualsusetheInternetforcommunicatingthroughelectronicmail(E-mail),fornewsandresearchinformation,shopp
5、ing,payingbills,andonlinebanking.EducationalinstitutionsusetheInternetforresearchandtodelivercoursesandcoursematerialtostudents.InternetInternetserviceproviders(ISPs)provideInternetaccesstocustomers,usuallyforamonthlyfee.AcustomerwhosubscribestoanserviceusestheISPs’networktoaccesstheInterne
6、t.BecauseISPsoffertheirservicestothegeneralpublic,thenetworktheyoperateareknownaspublicaccessnetworks.InternetIntheUnitedStates,asinmanycountries,ISPsareprivatecompanies;incountrieswheretelephoneserviceisagovernment-regulatedmonopoly,thegovernmentoftencontrolsISPs.InternetAnorganizationthat
7、hasmanycomputersusuallyownsandoperatesaprivatenetwork,calledanintranet,whichconnectsallthecomputerswithintheorganization.ToprovideInternetservice,theorganizationconnectsitsintranettotheInternet.Unlikepublicaccessnetworks,intranetsarerestrictedtoprovidese
