frame semantics框架语义学.ppt

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1、ApplyingframesemanticstocollegeEnglishvocabularyteachingtangyinEastChinaNormalUniversity1TheNotionofFramePetruckdefinesframeinhis1996workaframeisanysystemofconceptsrelatedinsuchawaythattounderstandanyoneconceptitisnecessarytounderstandtheentiresystem;introducinganyoneconceptrusultsinallofthembeco

2、mingavaliable(Petruck1996:1)developementTheframetheorywasfirstlyputforwardandusedinthefieldofartificialintelligence(AI).InthebookAFrameworkforRepresentingKnowledge,Minskystatedthathumanknowledgeisstoredinmindintheformofknowledgestructures,whichhecalledframe.Fillmoreborrowedthenotionofframefromthe

3、AIfieldanddevelopedhisowntheoryofframeinlinguistics.Fillmoredefinedframeas“anysystemoflinguisticchoices-theeasiestcasesbeingcollectionsofwords,butalsoincludingchoicesofgrammaticalrulesorlinguisticcategories-thatcangetassociatedwithprototypicalinstancesofscenes”(Fillmore,1975:124)presentstudiesPre

4、sentstudiesonframesemanticshavecoveredthefieldsrangingfrommorphologytodiscourseanalysis,translationandlanguageacquisition.Forthemostpart,studiesonframesemanticsfocusedonlexicography,especiallycomputationallexicography.basicconceptsThebasicassumptionofFrameSemanticsisthatinordertounderstandthemean

5、ingofthewordsinalanguagewemustfirsthaveknowledgeoftheconceptualstructures,orsemanticframes,whichprovidethebackgroundandmotivationfortheirexistenceinthelanguageandfortheiruseindiscourse.frameelementAframeelementissimplyaregularparticipant,feature,orattributeofthekindofsituationdescribedbyaframe.eg

6、.Marriageframeincludehusband,wife,weddingceremony,weddingdate,bestmanetc.ApplyingframesemanticstocollegeEnglishVocabularyTeachinginChinaAmodelforEnglishVocabularyteaching(1)theprior-framingstage,whenweencounterthenewwordsincontextandusethecontextascognitiveinformationtohelptoevokespecificframesfo

7、rfurthermeaningunderstandinginthelaterstageEg.TheaudienceofthisTVprogramdwindledconsiderablyinnumberwiththechangeofhosts.Thetargetworddwindleexpressesachangeofthenumberoftheaudience,whichwascausedbythechangeofhosts.Thi