英语修辞归纳.ppt

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1、RhetoricTheartofeffectiveorpersuasivespeakingorwriting,especiallytheexploitationoffiguresofspeechandothercompositionaltechniques.(broad)写作；修辞学RhetoricItcanbedatedbackto400B.C.,theAristotletime.Oralskill/argumentationStressoratory演讲术FiguresofspeechAwordorphraseusedinanon-literalsensetoaddrhetoricalf

2、orceorinteresttoaspokenorwrittenpassage.(narrow)修辞；修辞格FunctionsofFiguresofspeechIneverydayspeechandwritingandinliteraturethechieffunctionsoffiguresofspeechareprobablytoembellish（润色）,toemphasizeortoclarify.Theyareusedtogivetoneoratmospheretodiscourse（演讲）,toprovidevivid（鲜明的，生动的）examples,tostimulateth

3、oughtbystartlingthereaderorlistener,togivelifetoinanimateobjects,toamuse,ortoornament（修饰）.TypesofFiguresofspeechFiguresofspeechexistinalmostendlessvarietyandmanyarecloselyrelatedorintricatelyoverlap（杂乱的重叠）,hencenocompletelysatisfactorysystemofclassificationhaseverbeendevised.Thefollowingmaybeconsid

4、eredoneoftheserviceable（耐用的）classificationofthepresentday.TypesofFiguresofspeech1.Figuresofresemblanceorrelationship.2.Figuresofemphasisorunderstatement.3.Figuresofsound.4.Verbalgamesandgymnastics.FiguresofresemblanceorrelationshipSimile（明喻）:isafigureofspeechinvolvingthecomparisonofonethingwithanot

5、herofadifferentkindbyusingthewords:as,like,as…as,etc.Twothingscomparedmustbedissimilarandthebasisofresemblanceisusuallyanabstractquality.Simile1.Myheartislikeasingingbird.2.Iwonderedlonelyasacloud.3.Heisascunningasafox.4.Thepenistoawriterwhattheguntoafighter.5.Hehadnomoreideaofmoneythanacow.6.Lovea

6、ndcoughcannotbehidden.FiguresofresemblanceorrelationshipMetaphor暗喻:isafigureofspeechinwhichtwodifferentthingsarecomparedwithouttheuseofwords“as,like,as…as,etc.”.Animpliednotstatedsimile.MetaphorHeisanoldfox.Alltheworldisastage.Hisclothesareloud.Heranswerswerecold.Let’sgotoseethemouthofthevolcano.Th

7、erewasastormofapplause.TheMississippiRiverwasthemainartery（干道）oftransportationintheyoungnation’sheart.FiguresofresemblanceorrelationshipPersonification拟人:isafigureofspeechthatattributesapersonalnatureandhum