Foreign Language Teaching Theories.外语教学理论.ppt

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1、ForeignLanguageTeachingTheoriesChapter4SurveyofFLTApproachesALinguisticinputBPsychologicalinputCOtherinputs1Linguistictheories1PsychologicaltheoriesSociological2Pedagogicalpresen-2Pedagogicalpresen-Pedagogicaltationoflinguistictationofpsychologicaletctheoriesth

2、eories3Selectedelements3SelectedelementsfromA2:fromB2:AppliedlinguisticsPsycholinguisticsApproachSyllabusMethodMaterialsTheGenesisofanApproach4.1IntroductionTheneedforeducationalfacilitiesforlargegroupsoflearnersdidnotoccuruntiltheever-growingdemandforFLTbeginn

3、ingthe19thcentury.InancientGreeceandRomewhenonlyafewsoughttolearnanL2,thecommonprocedurewastohireaprivatetutor.IntheMiddleages,Latinwastaughttothenon-initiatedinanintensiveanddirectway:itwasthemediumofinstructionforallsubjectsrightfromthebeginning.IntheRenaissa

4、nce,peoplewhowantedtolearnanL2weresenttothecountryinquestion,toacquirethenecessarypracticalskillsthroughdirectcontactwithspeakersofthatlanguage.FLTinclassicaltimes,intheMiddleAgesandintheRenaissanceshowedinitsapproachesaspectswhichcanalsobefoundinlaterapproache

5、s.Butarealsenseofapproach/methodcouldonlyoccurwhenthedemandforFLTincreaseddramaticallyinthe19thcentury.Generallythepreferenceinthe18thcandamajorpartofthe19thcwasforthegrammar-translationmethod,andthatthedirectmethodbecamethevogueroundabout1900.Itisinterestingto

6、notethatthechangeinmethodsislittletimeboundandforourdaysthetwomethodscontinuetoexistinsomeformorother.Therehavebeensomeattemptsattheclassificationofmethods.Someclassificationsrelatetothe‘what’ofFLT:formalvsfunctional;theformalapproachconsidersknowledgeaboutalan

7、guagetobemoreimportantthanpracticalskillsinthatlanguage,whereasthefunctionalapproachconsiderspracticalskills,esp.oralskills,tobethemainobjective.Someclassificationsrelatetothe‘how’intheFLT:analyticvssynthetic;intheformerthelearnerisexpectedtoachieveacommandofth

8、erulesofthelanguagedirectlyfromcontactwithsamplesofthelanguage,whileinthelatter,he/sheattainssuchacommandindirectly,i.e.viaexplicitinstructionintherulesofthelanguagetobelear