英国的银行体系(双语)

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1、TheBankingSystemintheUnitedKingdom英国的银行体系　　IntheUnitedKingdom,financialinstitutionsarecategorizedintotwoma]orgroups:theRecognizedBanksandtheLicensedDepositInstitutions.ThecriteriaforeachcategoryaredeterminedbytheBankofEngland~——theCentralBank.TheBankofEnglandwillconsiderthesizeoftheinstitution,itsm

2、anagementandalsothenumberofparticipantswhoeffectivelydirectthebusiness,beforedecisionsaremadeonthestatusofthefinancialinstitutionswhoapplyforbanklicensesintheUnitedKingdom.　　LetuslookattheRecognizedBanks.　　Thesebanksprovideawiderangeofhighlyspecializedbankingservices,accordingtotheBankingAct1979."R

3、ecognizedBanks"mustsatisfytheBankofEnglandoftheirhighreputationandoftheirintegrity,managementandfinancialprudence.Thewiderangeofservicesinclude:i.theacceptanceofsightandtimedeposits）;ii.loanandoverdraftfacilities;iii.foreigncurrencyexchangeanddocumentarycreditsandcollections~;iv.financialadviceforc

4、orporationsandindividuals;v.investmentmanagementandarrangementsforthepurchaseandsaleofsecurities.　　AsforLicensedDepositsinstitutions,theyonlyprovidealimitedrangeofservices.TheprimeservicesarestillbasedontheacceptanceofdepositsfromthepublicalthoughtheyarenotrequiredtosatisfytheruleslaiddownforRecogn

5、izedBanks.Toobtainalicense,theinstitutionmustsatisfytheBankofEngland'srequirementthatalldirectors,controllersormanagersoftheinstitutionmustbeanappropriateandproperpersontoholdthatpositionandtoconducebankingbusinessinapropermanner.　　Letusnowlookatthemajortypesoffinancialintermediaries~intheUnitedKin

6、gdom.　　Tobeginwith,weshallexaminetheroleoftheClearingBanks.Thesearethedominatingfinancialintermediariesinretailbankingbusiness~intheUnitedKingdom.Theyhandletheclearingfunctionsofbanks,andareresponsibleformostofthecountry'scashdistributionandmoneytransferfunctions,whichincludechequepaymentservicesan

7、dalsoelectronicfundtransfers,etc.;Theretailbranchnetworkofthesebanksisextensivewithover10,000branchesalloverthecountry.　　AnothertypeoffinancialintermediariesintheUnitedKingdomarediscounthouses.Discounthouse