【英语阅读材料】英国银行体系

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1、TheBankingSystemintheUnitedKingdom英国的银行体系　　IntheUnitedKingdom,financialinstitutionsarecategorizedintotwoma]orgroups:theRecognizedBanksandtheLicensedDepositInstitutions.ThecriteriaforeachcategoryaredeterminedbytheBankofEngland~——theCentralBank.TheBankofEnglandw

2、illconsiderthesizeoftheinstitution,itsmanagementandalsothenumberofparticipantswhoeffectivelydirectthebusiness,beforedecisionsaremadeonthestatusofthefinancialinstitutionswhoapplyforbanklicensesintheUnitedKingdom.　　LetuslookattheRecognizedBanks.　　Thesebanksprovi

3、deawiderangeofhighlyspecializedbankingservices,accordingtotheBankingAct1979."RecognizedBanks"mustsatisfytheBankofEnglandoftheirhighreputationandoftheirintegrity,managementandfinancialprudence.Thewiderangeofservicesinclude:i.theacceptanceofsightandtimedeposits）

4、;ii.loanandoverdraftfacilities;iii.foreigncurrencyexchangeanddocumentarycreditsandcollections~;iv.financialadviceforcorporationsandindividuals;v.investmentmanagementandarrangementsforthepurchaseandsaleofsecurities.　　AsforLicensedDepositsinstitutions,theyonlypr

5、ovidealimitedrangeofservices.TheprimeservicesarestillbasedontheacceptanceofdepositsfromthepublicalthoughtheyarenotrequiredtosatisfytheruleslaiddownforRecognizedBanks.Toobtainalicense,theinstitutionmustsatisfytheBankofEngland'srequirementthatalldirectors,contro

6、llersormanagersoftheinstitutionmustbeanappropriateandproperpersontoholdthatpositionandtoconducebankingbusinessinapropermanner.　　Letusnowlookatthemajortypesoffinancialintermediaries~intheUnitedKingdom.　　Tobeginwith,weshallexaminetheroleoftheClearingBanks.Thesea

7、rethedominatingfinancialintermediariesinretailbankingbusiness~intheUnitedKingdom.Theyhandletheclearingfunctionsofbanks,andareresponsibleformostofthecountry'scashdistributionandmoneytransferfunctions,whichincludechequepaymentservicesandalsoelectronicfundtransfe

8、rs,etc.;Theretailbranchnetworkofthesebanksisextensivewithover10,000branchesalloverthecountry.　　AnothertypeoffinancialintermediariesintheUnitedKingdomarediscounthouses.Discounthouse