【英语阅读材料】英国银行体系

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1、TheBankingSystemintheUnitedKingdom英国的银行体系　　IntheUnitedKingdom,financialinstitutionsarecategorizedintotwoma]orgroups:theRecognizedBanksandtheLicensedDepositInstitutions.ThecriteriaforeachcategoryaredeterminedbytheBankofEngland~——theCentralBank.TheBankofEngl

2、andwillconsiderthesizeoftheinstitution,itsmanagementandalsothenumberofparticipantswhoeffectivelydirectthebusiness,beforedecisionsaremadeonthestatusofthefinancialinstitutionswhoapplyforbanklicensesintheUnitedKingdom.　　LetuslookattheRecognizedBanks.　　Theseba

3、nksprovideawiderangeofhighlyspecializedbankingservices,accordingtotheBankingAct1979."RecognizedBanks"mustsatisfytheBankofEnglandoftheirhighreputationandoftheirintegrity,managementandfinancialprudence.Thewiderangeofservicesinclude:i.theacceptanceofsightandt

4、imedeposits）;ii.loanandoverdraftfacilities;iii.foreigncurrencyexchangeanddocumentarycreditsandcollections~;iv.financialadviceforcorporationsandindividuals;v.investmentmanagementandarrangementsforthepurchaseandsaleofsecurities.　　AsforLicensedDepositsinstitu

5、tions,theyonlyprovidealimitedrangeofservices.TheprimeservicesarestillbasedontheacceptanceofdepositsfromthepublicalthoughtheyarenotrequiredtosatisfytheruleslaiddownforRecognizedBanks.Toobtainalicense,theinstitutionmustsatisfytheBankofEngland'srequirementtha

6、talldirectors,controllersormanagersoftheinstitutionmustbeanappropriateandproperpersontoholdthatpositionandtoconducebankingbusinessinapropermanner.　　Letusnowlookatthemajortypesoffinancialintermediaries~intheUnitedKingdom.　　Tobeginwith,weshallexaminetheroleo

7、ftheClearingBanks.Thesearethedominatingfinancialintermediariesinretailbankingbusiness~intheUnitedKingdom.Theyhandletheclearingfunctionsofbanks,andareresponsibleformostofthecountry'scashdistributionandmoneytransferfunctions,whichincludechequepaymentservices

8、andalsoelectronicfundtransfers,etc.;Theretailbranchnetworkofthesebanksisextensivewithover10,000branchesalloverthecountry.　　AnothertypeoffinancialintermediariesintheUnitedKingdomarediscounthouses.Discounthouse