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1、垂体后叶素致中毒性脑病12例临床分析[摘耍]冃的总结临床使用垂体后叶素致中毒性脑病的处理及预防经验。方法1998〜2009年用人剂量垂体后叶素静滴治疗上消化道人出血、食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血及Dieulafoy溃疡,12例发生中毒性脑病。中毒性脑病发生后,立即停用垂体后叶素,用5%GS500mL+硝酸LI•油20nig静滴舒张血管,或加快硝酸U•油滴速,对抗垂体后叶素缩血管副作用,同时补充氯化钾、高渗盐水、衙萄糖酸钙纠正电解质紊乱,速尿或20%U"露醇减轻脑水肿以及具他对症处理,监测牛命体征。结果12例均在2〜72h完全恢复,神志清楚,精神正常
2、,电解质正常,四肢活动自如,无一例遗留示遗症,无一例死亡。结论临床使用人剂量垂体后叶索的治疗过程中,应同时使用硝酸廿油静滴舒张血管,以减少缩血管等副作用的发生。[关键词]垂体后叶素;中毒性脑病[中图分类号]R595.3[文献标识码]B[文章编号]1673-9701(2011)36-148-02PosteriorPituitaryHormoneInducedToxicEncephalopathy:AClinicalAnalysisof12CasesZHANGJingFENGQiPENGLanLTUHuazhuDepartmentofGastroe
3、nterology,MianyangCentralHospitalinSichuanProvince,Mianyang621000,China[Abstract]ObjectiveTosummarizetheclinicalexperienceoftreatmentandpreventionfortheposteriorpituitaryhormoneinducedtoxicencephalopathy.MethodsFrom1998to2009,upperdigestivetractbleeding,esophagealvariceshemo
4、rrhageandDieulafoyulcerweretreatedwithalargedoseofposteriorpituitaryhormone,and12casesoftoxicencephalopathyoccurred.Thenimmediatelystopusingtheposteriorpituitaryhormone,andused5%GS500mL+20mgnitroglycerinintravenousinfusionforvasodilation,oracceleratednitroglycerindroppingspe
5、ed,toantagonistthevasoconstrictionsideeffectofposteriorpituitaryhormone,meanwhileaddedpotassiumchloride,hypertonicsaline,calciumgluconatetocorrectelectrolyteimbalanee,furosemideor20%mannitoltoreducebrainedema,andothersymptomatictreatment,andmonitoredthevitalsigns.ResultsAllo
6、f12caseswerefullyrestoredin2to72h,andwereconscious,sane,normalelectrolytes,freelimbswithnoremainin£sequelaeordeaths.ConclusionDuringtheclinicaluseoflargedosesofposteriorpituitaryhormone,nitroglyccrininfusionshouldbecombinedforreducingtheincidonceofsideeffectssuchasvasoconstr
7、iction.[Keywords]Posteriorpituitaryhormone;Toxicencephalopathy垂体后叶素可以收缩内脏血管,降低门脉压力,是治疗上消化道大岀血、食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血及Dieulafoy溃疡的传统药物[1,2]。我科1998〜2005年对上述大出血者应用人剂量垂体示叶素持续静滴,出现脑病并发症者12例,经抢救无一例留下示遗症,现报道如1资料与方法1.1一般资料12例患者中,男4例,女8例,年龄12〜81岁。10例为肝硬化门脉高压食管胃底曲张静脉破裂出血,2例Dieulafoy溃疡。伴发疾病中1例56
8、岁女性伴有高血压,1例50岁女性伴有糊尿病,另10例无其他伴发疾病,既往无癫痫及其他脑部病史。1.2主要症状及体征12例脑病发生前或同时出现症状:7例