Introduction-Grammatical__ Hierarchy

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1、Introduction–GrammaticalHierarchyLecturer:LiuShimingCollegeofForeignLanguagesliushiming555@163.comGeneralrequirementsCourserequirements:Previewandreviewthetextbook.Takecarefulnotes.Finishalltheexercisesinthetextbook.Completeotherassignments.Summaryofgrades:Attendance=10%Exe

2、rcisesorquiz=10%Performance=10%)FinalExamination=70%Total:100%2021/10/92Contents2021/10/930.Introduction1.Morphemes(词素)2.Words(词)3.Phrases(词组)4.Clauses(分句)5.Sentences(句子)0.Introduction0.1Whatisgrammar?0.2Whyshouldwestudygrammar?0.3Descriptivegrammarandprescriptivegrammar(描写

3、语法与规定语法)0.4Grammaticalhierarchy(语法层次)2021/10/940.1Whatisgrammar?(1)Grammar语法Grammatica:(Latin)artofletters语法:语言、话语的法则、法规Art&rules2021/10/950.1Whatisgrammar?(2)2021/10/96GrammarthestructuralsystemofalanguageEnglishGrammarthestructuralsystemoftheEnglishlanguagepartsformingawh

4、olerelatedparts0.2Whyshouldwestudygrammar?(1)国内某工厂与联合国专家谈判，厂长英语讲得不错，但不太注意语法，谈判时说了下面一段话，结果得罪了联合国专家。Lastnight,IhadwordswithMr.Bob,theGroupleader,foralongtime.Wehadverygoodwords.Inshorts,IwastouchedbyhisconfidencesandIwasverysatisfiedwiththelastwordssaidbyMr.Bobaboutthepossibi

5、lityofourproject.2021/10/970.2Whyshouldwestudygrammar?(2)(昨天夜晚，我同组长鲍勃先生争吵了很长时间，我们吵得很凶。谈到我们这个项目的可能性时，我对鲍勃先生临终遗言感到很满意。他的私事（心事）感动了穿着短裤的我。)昨天夜晚，我同组长鲍勃先生谈了很长时间，我们谈得很好。谈到我们这个项目的可能性时，对鲍勃先生最后说的一句话感到很满意。简而言之，我被他的信心所感动。Haveawordwithsb.与某人谈话/Havewordswithsb.与某人吵架Lastword最后一句话/Lastword

6、s临终遗言Confidence信心/Confidence(s)私事、秘密Inshort简而言之/Inshorts穿着短裤Callhername叫她的名字/Callhernames骂她Payattentionto注意/Payattentionsto（对女人）献殷勤2021/10/980.2Whyshouldwestudygrammar?(3)一位男游客在办理入店手续时，对女店员说：--Couldyougivemearoomandabath.女店员听了很生气地说：--Icangiveyouaroom,butyouhavetotakeyourown

7、bath,Sir!先生，我可以给你一个房间，但是你得自己洗澡!(aroomandbath：一间带浴室的房间)2021/10/990.2Whyshouldwestudygrammar?(4)Acquisitionvs.learningEnglishmajorsvs.non-majorsAcceptingthechallengeGiveyousomeinsightintothewaythelanguageworks.Standardizebothspokenandwrittencommunication.2021/10/9100.3Descrip

8、tivegrammarandprescriptivegrammar(描写语法与规定语法)2021/10/911Descriptivegrammar"describe