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1、FCRI120507.fmPage1Monday,June20,200512:33PMCriticalReviewofInternationalSocialandPoliticalPhilosophyVol.8,No.4,1–16,December2005GramsciandGlobalisation:FromNation-StatetoTransnationalHegemonyWILLIAMI.ROBINSONDepartmentofSociology,UniversityofCaliforniaSantaBarbara,CA,USATaylorandF
2、rancisLtdFCRI120507.sgm10.1080/13698230500205243CriticalReviewofInternationalSocialandPoliticalPhilosophy1369-8230(print)/1743-8772(online)OriginalArticle2005Taylor&FrancisGroupLtd84000000December2005WilliamRobinsonwirobins@soc.ucsb.eduABSTRACTThisessayexploresthematterofhegemonyi
3、ntheglobalsystemfromthestand-pointofglobalcapitalisttheory,incontrasttoextantapproachesthatanalysethisphenome-nonfromthestandpointofthenation-stateandtheinter-statesystem.Itadvancesaconceptionofglobalhegemonyintransnationalsocialterms,linkingtheprocessofglobalisationtotheconstruct
4、ionofhegemoniesandcounter-hegemoniesinthetwenty-firstcentury.Anemergentglobalcapitalisthistoricalbloc,leadbyatransnationalcapitalistclass,ratherthanaparticularnation-state,blocofstates,orregion,ispursuingahegemonicproject.TheUSstateisseenasthepointofcondensationforpressuresfromdom
5、inantgroupstoresolveproblemsofglobalcapitalism.US-ledmilitarisationisacontradictorypolitical-militaryresponsetothecrisisofglobalcapitalism,characterisedbyeconomicstagnation,legitimacyproblemsandtheriseofcounter-hegemonicforces.KEYWORDS:Gramsci,globalisation,hegemony,transnational,
6、crisis,USempireGlobalisationandhegemonyareconceptsthatoccupyanincreasinglyimportantplaceinsocialscienceresearchandarecentraltooutunderstandingoftwenty-first-centuryworldsociety.Myobjectiveinthepresentessayistoexaminethematterofhegemonyintheglobalsystemfromthestandpointofglobalcapi
7、talismtheory,incontrasttoextantapproachesthatanalysethisphenomenonfromthestandpointofthenation-stateandtheinter-statesystem.Hegemonymaybefirmlysituatedinoursocialsciencelexicon,yetitmeansdifferentthingstodifferentspeakers.Thereareatleastfourinterwovenconceptionsintheliteratureonth
8、einternationalorderandtheworldcap
