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1、Chapter6TheoriesofGlobalizationWilliamI.RobinsonTHEORYANDTHERISEOFGLOBALIZATIONSTUDIESGlobalizationisreshapinghowwehavetraditionallygoneaboutstudyingthesocialworldandhumancultureandafieldofglobalizationstudiesisnowemergingacrossthedisciplines(AppelbaumandRobinson,2005).Theseglob
2、alizationstudiesarosearoundseveralsetsofphenomenathatdrewresearchers’attentionfromthe1970sonwards.Onewastheemergenceofaglobalizedeconomyinvolvingnewsystemsofproduction,financeandconsumptionandworldwideeconomicintegration.Asecondwasnewtransnationalorglobalculturalpatterns,practic
3、esandflows,andtheideaof‘globalculture(s)’.Athirdwasglobalpoliticalprocesses,theriseofnewtransnationalinstitutions,andconcomitantly,thespreadofglobalgovernanceandauthoritystructuresofdiversesorts.Afourthwastheunprecedentedmultidirec-tionalmovementofpeoplesaroundtheworldinvolvingn
4、ewpatternsoftransna-tionalmigration,identitiesandcommunities.Yetafifthwasnewsocialhierarchies,formsofinequality,andrelationsofdominationaroundtheworldandintheglobalsystemasawhole.Thescholarlyliteratureonthesephenomenahasproliferated,ashavespecificstudiesoftheimpactsofglobalizatio
5、nonparticularcountriesandregionsandongenderandethnicity,nottomentionmuchpoptreatmentofthesubject.Recentresearchagendashavebranchedoutintoanenormousvarietyoftopics,fromtran-snationalsexualities,toglobaltourism,changesinthestate,therestructuringofwork,transnationalcare-giving,glo
6、balizationandcrime,theglobalmedia,andsoon.Thisexplosionofresearchpointstotheubiquityoftheeffectsofglobalization.Alldisciplinesandspecializationsintheacademy,itseems,havebecomeimplicatedinglobalizationstudies,fromethnic,areaandwomen’sstudies,toliterature,thearts,languageandcultu
7、ralstudies,thesocialsciences,history,law,businessadmin-istration,andeventhenaturalandappliedsciences.ORRIT06.indd125IT06.indd12522/27/20073:55:57PM/27/20073:55:57PM126williami.robinsonTheproliferatingliteratureonglobalizationreflectstheintellectualenormityofthetaskofresearchinga
8、ndtheorizingthebreadth,depthandpaceofchangesunderwayin
