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1、肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤临床病理误诊分析中国胃肠外科朵志2000年第3期第3港论著作者:裴素丽潘虎马杰乔思杰单位:450003郑州,河南省肿瘤医院病理科关键词:肛门;直肠;黑色素瘤;恶性;误诊【摘要】口的分析肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤临床及病理谋诊的原因,探讨避免误诊的办法。方法对15例肛管直肠恶性黑色索瘤进行冋顾性分析和免疫组化观察。结杲临床误诊率为867%(13/15)。其中谋诊为良性病变占667%(10/15),误诊为痔或痔伴有肛周脓肿7例、息肉2例及慢性炎症1例;3例误诊为肚管直肠癌。延误诊治时间3个月至1年。活检病理误诊率为533%(
2、8/15),其中误诊为低分化腺癌6例,平滑肌肉瘤、类癌各1例。5例无色索性恶性黑色索瘤全部谋诊。结论肛管比肠恶性黑色索瘤临床谋诊率高,病理活检难以准确分型。临床和病理医生应密切配合,作直肠指诊,及时活检;对病理标本多作切片,仔细寻找黑色素颗粒并对可疑标木进行免疫组织化学检查,有助明确诊断。ClinicopathologicalanalysisformisdiagnosisofanorectalmalignantmelanomaPEISuli,PANHu,MAJie,etal(DepailmentofPathology,HenanTum
3、orHospital,Zhengzhou450003,China)【Abstract]ObjectiveToanalyzethecausesofclinicalandpathologicalmisdiagnosisofanorectalmalignantmelanomaandinvestigatehowtoavoidsuchmisdiagnosis.MethodsClinicalandpathologicaldatajncludingimmunohistochemicalstainingof15caseswithanorectalma
4、lignantmelanomawereanalyzedretrospectively.ResultsClinicalmisdiagnosisratewas867%(13/15),ofwhich5casesweremisdiagnosedasanorectalcancersand10casesasbenigndiseases,including7ashemoiThoidsaccompaniedbyanalabscessornot,2aspolypus,oneaschronicinflammation.Thecorrectdiagnosi
5、sandtherapyweredelayedfromthreemonthstooneyear.Misdiagnosisrateofpathologicalbiopsywas533%(8/15)including6casesmisdiagnosedaspoordifferentiatedadenocarcinoma,oneasleiomyosarcomaand1ascarcinoid.All5casesofmalignantamelanoticmelanomaweremisdiagnosed.ConclusionsBecauseofhi
6、ghclinicalmisdiagnosisrateanddifficultytomakediagnosisofhistologicaltypebypathologicalbiopsy.itisimportantforclinicalsurgeonsandpathologicalexpertstocooperateclosely,andtoperformdigitalexaminationandbiopsyintime.ltishelpfultomakeacorrectdiagnosisthatmoreslidesandmelanot
7、icpigmentgranulesshouldbeexaminedcarefully,andsuspectedsamplesshouldreceiveimmunohistochemicalassay.【Keywords]Anus;Rectum;Melanoma,malignant;Misdiagnosis肚管立肠恶性黑色索瘤较少见,但近年其发病率不断增高,生存率却仍很低[1],而且肿瘤极易谋诊为良性病变[2,3]。我们收集木院1984〜2000年2月肚管直肠恶性黑色索瘤15例的有关资料及手术标本,对其临床表现及病理形态特点和免疫组化标
8、记进行分析。对彖与方法一、对象本组15例中男3例,女12例。发病年龄39〜67岁,中位年龄525岁。其中14例有血便病史,2例为肛门反复脱出物,1例伴肛周疼痛。直肠指诊为结节状伴或不伴向肠腔内突出的肿块13例,痔样息肉2