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1、Chinesepopulationpolicy--Theone-childpolicy1.Generalintroduction2.Purposeadvantages3.ImpactsdisadvantagesImpactonhealthcareIncreasedsavingsrateEconomicgrowthGender-basedbirthratedisparityInfanticideThe"Four-Two-One"problemViolatingHumanrightseffectiveControlChinesep
2、opulation1.GeneralintroductionTheone-childpolicyisthepopulationcontrolpolicyofChina.Itofficiallyrestrictsthenumberofchildrenmarriedurbancouplescanhavetoone,althoughitallowsexemptionsforseveralcases,includingruralcouples,ethnicminorities,andparentswithoutanysiblingst
3、hemselves.2.purposeTocontrolChinesepopulationToalleviate[减轻，缓和]social,economic,andenvironmentalproblemseffectiveControlChinesepopulationIthaspreventedmorethan250millionbirthsfrom1978to2000.3.advantagesprovideabetterhealthserviceforwomenareductionintherisksofdeathand
4、injuryassociatedwithpregnancy.ImpactonhealthcareIncreasedsavingsrateTheindividualsavingsrateincreasedbecausetheaverageChinesehouseholdexpendsfewertime&moneyononechild.EconomicgrowthTheoriginalintentoftheone-childpolicywaseconomic,toreducethedemandofnaturalresources,
5、maintainingasteadylaborrate,reducingunemploymentcausedfromsurpluslabor,andreducingtherateofexploitation【开发、利用】.4.disadvantagesSideeffectsonfemalepopulationReason:sonpreferenceSonsupporttheparentsintheiroldagewhiledaughterscannot.Consequence：genderimbalance.Malepopul
6、ationoutstripfemalepopulation.Gender-basedbirthratedisparityThesexratioinmainlandChinareached117:100in2000,whichhigherthanthenaturalbaseline[103:100---107:100].Astudyshowsthattherewillbe30millionmorementhanwomenin2020.Gender-selectedabortion& infanticide[杀害婴儿]Somepe
7、opleareeagertowantasonsothattheydoabortionorkilltheirdaughter.China'sfamilyplanningprogramscontributetoinfanticide.The"Four-Two-One"problemoneadultchildhavetosupportforhisorhertwoparentsandfourgrandparents.Iftheoldergeneration’sretirementfunds,pensions,orstatewelfar
8、eshouldfail,theyounggenerationwillunderahugestress.ViolatingHumanrightsTheone-childpolicycausebribery【行贿;受贿】,coercion【强制;强迫】,forcedsterili
