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1、JournalofPollinationEcology,2(5),2010,pp27-32FLORALVISITORSOFANANASCOMOSUSINGHANA:APRELIMINARYASSESSMENTAndreasA.KUDOM*,PeterK.KWAPONGDepartmentofEntomologyandWildlife,UniversityofCapeCoast,CapeCoast,GhanaAbstract—Ananascomosusvarcomosus(L.)Merr.isthethirdmostimportanttrop
2、icalfruitintheworldproductionandtheleadingforeignexchangeearneramongfreshfruitsexportedfromGhana.AsurveywasconductedinpineapplefarmsintheCentralregionofGhanatoidentifyfloralvisitorsandtheiractivitiesontheflowers.Nectarconcentrationandenergeticsandeffectoffloralvisitorsonfr
3、uitproductionweredetermined.Fourteenspeciesofbutterfliesandoneantspecieswerethemaininsectfloralvisitorsaswellasfourspeciesofsunbirds.Themeannectarconcentrationwas23.3%(±0.39,SE)andpollinationlimitationdidnotsignificantlyaffectfruityield(weight:p=0.285;length:p=0.056;width:
4、p=0.268).Thestudyshowedthatbutterflies,antsandsunbirdsarethemainfloralvisitorsonA.comosus.Howevertheirvisitsdidnotresultsinpollinationandfruitproductionwasnotaffectedinanywaybyfloralvisitation.Still,itwasfoundthatA.comosusprovidesanimportantnectarresourceforitsforagers.Eve
5、nifpollinationisnotcrucialinpineapplecultivation,itisstillessentialinpineapplebreedingprogramstopromotegeneticdiversityandconservation.Keywords:Pineapple,nectarconcentration,pollinationlimitation,butterflies,sunbirds,antsINTRODUCTIONapproximately1-2metrestallandwide,withle
6、avesarrangedspirally(Bartholomewetal.2003).ItbearsPollinatorsprovideanessentialecosystemservicethatflowersonaterminalinflorescence,whichformalarge,resultintheout-crossingandsexualreproductionofmanyediblefruitcharacterizedbyatuftofleavesatitsapex.A.plants(Kearnsetal.1998;Kl
7、einetal.2007).Theybenefitcomosusisthethirdmostimportanttropicalfruitinthesocietybyincreasingfoodsecurityandimprovingworldproductionafterbananasandcitrus(Bartholomewetlivelihoodsandbytheroletheyplayinconservingal.2003).Itistheleadingforeignexchangeearneramongbiologicaldiver
8、sityinagriculturalandnaturalecosystemsfreshfruitsexportedfromGhana(WTO2002).A.(Kleinetal.
