英汉语言文化对比Chapter_11_Cooperative_Principle_&_Culture_Difference

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1、Chapter11CooperativePrinciple&CultureDifference1.IntroductionJackforgotthattodayisMary’sbirthday.OnlyPhilipisgoingtoLondon.A:WhereisJack?B:Hisbikeisnothere.HisEnglishisverygood.Heknowsallthe26letters.Conventionalimplicature:InutteringasentenceS,aspeakerimpliesthatPisthecaseifSsu

2、ggestsPasitsconclusion,withoutPhavingbeenliterallysaid.Thisisconventionalimplicature.JackforgotthattodayisMary’sbirthday.TodayisMary’sbirthday.OnlyPhilipisgoingtoLondon.NooneelseisgoingtoLondon.Chapter11CooperativePrinciple&CultureDifferenceConversationalimplicatureWhenanimplica

3、turerestsnotonlyontheconventionalmeaningoftheutteredexpressionbutalsoonthesuppositionthatthespeakerisfollowingorisintentionallybreakingcertainmaximsofconversation,thentheimplicationiscalledaconversationalimplicature.Itissomethingyoudon’tsaydirectlybutthatyouseemtowantpeopletobel

4、ieve.Itiswhattheutteranceexpressesbeyondtheliteralmeaning.A:Philipismeetingawoman.B:Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?Chapter11CooperativePrinciple&CultureDifference2.TheCooperativePrincipleanditsMaxims1)ThemaximofQuantitya.makeyourcontributionasinformativeasisrequiredforthecurrentpurpos

5、eoftheexchangeb.donotmakeyourcontributionmoreinformativethanisrequired2)ThemaximofQualityTrytomakeyourcontributiononethatistrue,specifically:a.donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefalseb.donotsaythatwhichyoulackadequateevidenceChapter11CooperativePrinciple&CultureDifference3)ThemaximofRele

6、vanceMakeyourcontributionrelevant(relevanttothetopic)4)ThemaximofMannerBeperspicuousandspecially:a)avoidobscurityb)avoidambiguityc)bebriefd)beorderly3.ViolationofthePrinciple&ConversationalImplicatureA:Wheredoeshelive?B:AlongtheHuaihairoad.A:WhereisPhilip?B:Mywalletismissing.Cha

7、pter11CooperativePrinciple&CultureDifferencea.Thespeakerdeclaresthathewon’tcooperate;b.Thespeakerviolatestheprinciplewithoutthehearer’sknowing;heismisleadingthehearer;c.Sometimesthespeakerobservesonemaximwhilehavingtoviolateanother;d.Thespeakerdeliberatelyviolatesonemaximandhekn

8、owsthatthehearerknowsthatheisviolatingthemaxim.