00Opinion the origin of the cancer stem cell current controversies and new insights

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1、PERSPECTIVESthatotherasyetunidentifiedfactorsmightOPINIONalsobeinvolvedintumourinitiation.Onecouldconclude,therefore,thatbothmuta-Theoriginofthecancerstemcell:tionsandchromosomalderangementsareimportantintheinitialstagesoftumourcurrentcontroversiesandnewinsightsdevelo

2、pment,andthatbothmechanismsmightbeinvolvedintheestablishmentofthecancerstemcell.RolfBjerkvig,BeritB.Tysnes,KarenS.Aboody,JosephNajbauerCancerstemcellsandA.J.A.TerzisAlthoughmanytumourscontaincellsthatdisplaystemcell-likefeatures,theidentityAbstract

3、Mosttumoursarederiv

4、edfromarelatedtotheestablishmentofthecancerofthenormalcellsthatacquirethefirstsinglecellthatistransformedintoacancer-stemcell—inparticular,howcellfusionandgenetic‘hits’thatleadtotumourinitiationinitiatingcell(cancerstemcell)thathasthehorizontalgene-transferphenomenami

5、ghthasremainedelusive18.capacitytoproliferateandformtumourscontributetotheevolutionofcancerandtheTheterm‘cancerstemcell’isanopera-invivo.However,theoriginofthecancerbiologicalmanifestationsthatoccurasaresulttionaltermdefinedasacancercellthathasstemcellremainselusive.I

6、nterestingly,ofsuchevents.theabilitytoself-renew;dividingtogiveriseduringdevelopmentandtissuerepairthetoanothermalignantstemcellandacellfusionofgeneticandcytoplasmicmaterialAneuploidythatgivesrisetothephenotypicallydiversebetweencellsofdifferentoriginsisanInadditionto

7、specificgenemutationsthattumourcellpopulation.Stemcellsindiffer-importantphysiologicalprocess.Suchcelloccurinvarioustypesofcancer,cancercanenttissuesvarywithrespecttotheirintrinsicfusionandhorizontalgene-transfereventsalsooccurasaresultofchromosomalgain,abilitiestosel

8、f-renewandtodifferentiateintohavealsobeenlinkedtoseveralfundamentallossand/orrearrangement.Theideathatcan-particularcelltypes19,20.featuresofcancerandcouldbeimportantincerisaresultofwhatisnowdefinedasaneu-Mostcancerscompriseaheterogene-thedevelopmentofthecancerstemcel

9、l.ploidywassuggestedasearlyas1890REF.11ouspopulationofcellswithdifferencesandformulatedindetailin1914byBoveri12.intheirpro