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1、THYROIDORIGINALSTUDIES,REVIEWS,Volume19,Number12,2009ªMaryAnnLiebert,Inc.ANDSCHOLARLYDIALOGDOI:10.1089=thy.2009.1604FRONTIERSINTHYROIDCANCERThyroidStemCellsandCancer1,231,4ThomasKlonisch,CuongHoang-Vu,andSabineHombach-KlonischBackground:Thyroidglanddevelopmentandfunctionarees
2、sentialforlife,andrecentfindingsindicatethepresenceofstem=progenitorcellswithinthethyroidglandasapotentialsourceoftissueregenerationandcancerformation.Summary:Thisreviewsummarizesthecurrentknowledgeonearlydifferentiationofthyroidcellsfromembryonicstemcellsandhighlightsexciting
3、conceptsandrecentnovelfindingsonadultthyroidstem=progenitorcellsinthenormalthyroidglandandinthyroidcancer.Otherpotentialsourcesandmarkersofstem=progenitorcellsinthethyroidincludebonemarrow,microchimerism,andembryologicalremnant-derivedmultifocalsolidcellnests.Finally,wediscuss
4、newtherapeuticstrategiesthattargetthyroidcancerstemcells.Conclusions:Thyroidstem=progenitorcellpopulationsarepresentinthenormalanddiseasedthyroidgland.Advancesinnormalandcancerthyroidstemcellbiologywillbeessentialforfuturetargetedtherapies.IntroductionDifferentiationMarkersin
5、ThyroidDevelopmentStemcellsarepluripotent,clonogenic,andself-Thetwodistinctendocrinecellpopulationsofthethyroidrenewing,showplasticitytodifferentiateintocelltypesofglanddevelopfromdifferentorigins:thethyroidhormone-aparticulartissuetheyresidein,andoftentransdifferentiateprodu
6、cingfollicularthyroidepithelialcellsderivefromthe(1).Thesequalitiesandthecapacityofstemcellsfortissueendodermofthepharyngealfloorandthecalcitonin-renewalanddamagerepairmakethemattractivetargets(2).producinginterfollicularCcellsderivefromneuralcrestcellsHowever,thecombinationof
7、mutationsaffectingstemcellwithintheultimobranchialbodies(UBB)ofthefourthpha-differentiationpotentialandunlimitedgrowthpotentialmayryngealarch(10,11).Thyroidorganogenesisrequiresthegeneratecancerstemcells(CSCs).Specificstemcellpopula-specificationofthyroidprecursorcellsfromendod
8、ermcellsoftionshavebeenidentifiedinnumerousnormalanddiseasedtheforegu
