Essential Physics Textbook

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1、ESSENTIALPHYSICSPart1RELATIVITY,PARTICLEDYNAMICS,GRAVITATION,ANDWAVEMOTIONFRANKW.K.FIRKProfessorEmeritusofPhysicsYaleUniversity200023CONTENTSPREFACE71MATHEMATICALPRELIMINARIES1.1Invariants111.2Somegeometricalinvariants121.3Elementsofdifferentialgeometry

2、151.4Gaussiancoordinatesandtheinvariantlineelement171.5Geometryandgroups201.6Vectors231.7Quaternions241.83-vectoranalysis261.9Linearalgebraandn-vectors281.10Thegeometryofvectors311.11Linearoperatorsandmatrices341.12Rotationoperators361.13Componentsofave

3、ctorundercoordinaterotations382KINEMATICS:THEGEOMETRYOFMOTION2.1Velocityandacceleration422.2Differentialequationsofkinematics452.3VelocityinCartesianandpolarcoordinates492.4AccelerationinCartesianandpolarcoordinates503CLASSICALANDSPECIALRELATIVITY3.1The

4、Galileantransformation563.2Einstein’sspace-timesymmetry:theLorentztransformation583.3Theinvariantinterval:contravariantandcovariantvectors613.4ThegroupstructureofLorentztransformations633.5Therotationgroup663.6Therelativityofsimultaneity:timedilationand

5、lengthcontraction683.7The4-velocity714NEWTONIANDYNAMICS4.1Thelawofinertia7544.2Newton’slawsofmotion774.3Manyinteractingparticles:conservationoflinearandangularmomentum774.4WorkandenergyinNewtoniandynamics844.5Potentialenergy864.6Particleinteractions894.

6、7Themotionofrigidbodies944.8Angularvelocityandtheinstantaneouscenterofrotation974.9AnapplicationoftheNewtonianmethod985INVARIANCEPRINCIPLESANDCONSERVATIONLAWS5.1Invarianceofthepotentialundertranslations:conservationoflinearmomentum1055.2Invarianceofthep

7、otentialunderrotations:conservationofangularmomentum1056EINSTEINIANDYNAMICS6.14-momentumandtheenergy-momentuminvariant1086.2TherelativisticDopplershift1096.3Relativisticcollisionsandtheconservationof4-momentum1106.4Relativisticinelasticcollisions1136.5T

8、heMandelstamvariables1156.6Positron-electronannihilation-in-flight1177NEWTONIANGRAVITATION7.1Propertiesofmotionalongcurvedpathsintheplane1227.2AnoverviewofNewtoniangravitation1247.3Gravitation:anexampleofacentralforce1297.4Motion