Essential Physics (part 1-relativity，particle dynamics， gravitation and wave motion).pdf

《Essential Physics (part 1-relativity，particle dynamics， gravitation and wave motion).pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、ESSENTIALPHYSICSPart1RELATIVITY,PARTICLEDYNAMICS,GRAVITATION,ANDWAVEMOTIONFRANKW.K.FIRKProfessorEmeritusofPhysicsYaleUniversity2000iiiiiCONTENTSPREFACEvii1MATHEMATICALPRELIMINARIES1.1Invariants11.2Somegeometricalinvariants21.3Elementsofdifferentialgeometry51.4Gauss

2、iancoordinatesandtheinvariantlineelement71.5Geometryandgroups101.6Vectors131.7Quaternions131.83-vectoranalysis161.9Linearalgebraandn-vectors181.10Thegeometryofvectors211.11Linearoperatorsandmatrices241.12Rotationoperators251.13Componentsofavectorundercoordinaterota

3、tions272KINEMATICS:THEGEOMETRYOFMOTION2.1Velocityandacceleration312.2Differentialequationsofkinematics342.3VelocityinCartesianandpolarcoordinates372.4AccelerationinCartesianandpolarcoordinates393CLASSICALANDSPECIALRELATIVITY3.1TheGalileantransformation443.2Einstein

4、’sspace-timesymmetry:theLorentztransformation463.3Theinvariantinterval:contravariantandcovariantvectors493.4ThegroupstructureofLorentztransformations513.5Therotationgroup543.6Therelativityofsimultaneity:timedilationandlengthcontraction553.7The4-velocity594NEWTONIAN

5、DYNAMICS4.1Thelawofinertia63iv4.2Newton’slawsofmotion654.3Systemsofmanyinteractingparticles:conservationoflinearandangularmomentum664.4WorkandenergyinNewtoniandynamics724.5Potentialenergy744.6Particleinteractions774.7Themotionofrigidbodies814.8Angularvelocityandthe

6、instantaneouscenterofrotation844.9AnapplicationoftheNewtonianmethod865INVARIANCEPRINCIPLESANDCONSERVATIONLAWS5.1Invarianceofthepotentialundertranslationsandtheconservationoflinearmomentum935.2Invarianceofthepotentialunderrotationsandtheconservationofangularmomentum

7、936EINSTEINIANDYNAMICS6.14-momentumandtheenergy-momentuminvariant966.2TherelativisticDopplershift976.3Relativisticcollisionsandtheconservationof4-momentum986.4Relativisticinelasticcollisions1016.5TheMandelstamvariables1026.6Positron-electronannihilation-in-flight10

8、57NEWTONIANGRAVITATION7.1Propertiesofmotionalongcurvedpathsintheplane1107.2AnoverviewofNewtoniangravitation1127.3Gravitation:anexampleofacentralf