ISRAEL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY以色列摘要

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1、ISRAELEXECUTIVESUMMARYIsraelisamultipartyparliamentarydemocracy.Althoughithasnoconstitution,Israel’sparliament,theunicameral120-memberKnesset,hasenactedaseriesof“BasicLaws”thatenumeratefundamentalrights.Certainfundamentallaws,orders,andregulationslega

2、llydependontheexistenceofa“StateofEmergency,”whichhasbeenineffectsince1948.TheKnessethasthepowertodissolvethegovernmentandmandateelections.The2009nationwideKnessetelections,consideredfreeandfair,resultedinacoalitiongovernmentledbyPrimeMinisterBenjamin

3、Netanyahu.Israelisecurityforcesreportedtocivilianauthorities.(Anannextothisreportcovershumanrightsintheoccupiedterritories.ThisreportdealswithhumanrightsinIsraelandtheIsraeli-occupiedGolanHeights.)Themostsignificanthumanrightsissuesduringtheyearwerete

4、rroristattacksagainstcivilians;institutionalandsocietaldiscriminationagainstArabcitizens--inparticularissuesofaccesstohousingandemploymentopportunities;andsocietaldiscriminationanddomesticviolenceagainstwomen.Thegovernmentgenerallyprotectedreligiousfr

5、eedom,althoughtherewasinstitutionalandsocietaldiscriminationagainstnon-OrthodoxJewsandsomeminorityreligiousgroups.ThegovernmentceasedthepracticeofimmediatelyreturningAfricanasylumseekerswhoreachedthecountrythroughEgyptbutcontinuedtodenymanyasylumseeke

6、rsindividualrefugeestatusdeterminations,whichimpactedtheirabilitytoworkorreceivebasicsocialservices,includinghealthcare.Societaldiscriminationandlackofaccessibilitypersistedforpersonswithdisabilities.Seriouslaborrightsabusesagainstforeignworkerswereco

7、mmon,andtherewerereportedcasesoftraffickingforlaborpurposes.Thegovernmenttookstepstoprosecuteandpunishofficialswhocommittedabusesinthecountryregardlessofrankorseniority.Section1.RespectfortheIntegrityofthePerson,IncludingFreedomfrom:a.ArbitraryorUnlaw

8、fulDeprivationofLifeTherewerenoreportsthatthegovernmentoritsagentscommittedarbitraryorunlawfulkillingsduringtheyear.CountryReportsonHumanRightsPracticesfor2011UnitedStatesDepartmentofState•BureauofDemocracy,HumanRightsandLaborISRAELANDTHEOCCUP