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1、AcademyofManagementJournal2011,Vol.54,No.1,73–96.THENECESSITYOFOTHERSISTHEMOTHEROFINVENTION:INTRINSICANDPROSOCIALMOTIVATIONS,PERSPECTIVETAKING,ANDCREATIVITYADAMM.GRANTUniversityofPennsylvaniaJAMESW.BERRYUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHillAlthoughmanyscho
2、larsbelievethatintrinsicmotivationfuelscreativity,researchhasreturnedequivocalresults.Drawingonmotivatedinformationprocessingtheory,weproposethattherelationshipbetweenintrinsicmotivationandcreativityisenhancedbyother-focusedpsychologicalprocesses.Perspectiv
3、etaking,asgeneratedbyproso-cialmotivation,encouragesemployeestodevelopideasthatareusefulaswellasnovel.Inthreestudies,usingbothfieldandlabdata,wefoundthatprosocialmotiva-tionstrengthenedtheassociationbetweenintrinsicmotivationandindependentcre-ativityratings
4、.Inoursecondandthirdstudies,perspectivetakingmediatedthismoderatingeffect.Wediscusstheoreticalimplicationsforcreativityandmotivation.Asworkbecomesincreasinglydynamic,uncer-tions(e.g.,Dewett,2007;Perry-Smith,2006;Shal-tain,andknowledge-based,organizationsdep
5、endley&Perry-Smith,2001).Inlightoftheseconflict-oncreativeideasfromemployees(George,2007).ingfindings,George(2007:445)observedthatScholarsandpractitionersshareastronginterestin“ratherthanassumethatintrinsicmotivationun-understandingthepsychologicalforcestha
6、tmoti-derliescreativity,researchersneedtotacklethisvatecreativity—theproductionofideasthataretheorizedlinkagemoredirectlyandinmorebothnovelanduseful(Amabile,1996).Forseveraldepth.”Organizationalscholarsneednewtheoret-decades,researchershavebelievedthatintri
7、nsicicalperspectivesandempiricalinvestigationstomotivationisanimportantdriverofcreativity(Els-deepenknowledgeofthemotivationalprocessesbach&Hargadon,2006).Whenintrinsicallymoti-thatdrivecreativity(Shalleyetal.,2004).vated,employeesexpendeffortbasedoninteres
8、t,Ourobjectiveinthisarticleistoexplainandcuriosity,andadesiretolearn(Ryan&Deci,2000).resolvetheinconsistentrelationshipbetweenin-Intrinsicmotivationisthoughttoenhancecreativ-trinsicmotivationandcreativ
