资源描述：
《Chapter 1 Accident Survey》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、1AccidentSurvey1.1IntroductionThischaptersurveysimpactandexplosioninvariousfieldsrangingfromthedomesticenvironmenttomilitarywarfare.Itcovershurricaneandtornadodisasters,aircraftaccidentsandexplosionsincars,housesandmilitaryestab-lishments.Casesofimpactonthegrou
2、nd,inwaterandintheairaregiven.Theworkissupportedbynumeroustablesandphotographs.1.2Wind,HurricaneandTornadoGeneratedMissilesWind,gales,hurricanesandtornadoeshavecauseddisastersinanumberofcountries.Thereisalwaysonecountrysomewhereaffectedbythematanygiventimeinany
3、year.Thegreathurricaneof1987(120milesh−1)inEnglandandseveregalesin1990(100milesh−1),hurricane“Hugo”(138milesh−1)andmanyothershavecauseddeathanddamage.Theextentofthedamagetostructuresranhundredsofthousands.Carsandboatswereliftedintotheairanddroppedonothervehicl
4、es,othersweredamagedbystructuralmis-silesfromnearbybuildingsorbyfallingtrees.Thestormscausedwidespreadflooding,uprootedtrees,damagedbuildings,bridgesandpylonsandstressedair-searescueservicestothelimitasshipsfounderedinhugeseas.InCharleston,SouthCarolina,USA,whe
5、reseawaterwasswept10milesinland,a16m(50ft)yachthitthesideofacarparkedinadowntownarea.Thesamehurricane“Hugo”,asshowninFig.1.1,continuedtoravagePuertoRico,forcingthreeplanesattheairporttobetwistedbymultipleandrepeatedimpacts.Thecostsinallthreeincidentsranintobil
6、lionsandmanythousandswerekilledorinjured.Missileswereejectedfromaschoolbuildingafterthepassageofhurricane“Hugo”.InOctober1989,hurricane-forcewindsintheUKcausedan18.3m(60ft)steelchimneytocollapseonacar.ThesamehurricanecausedtwocarstocollideinFrance,andinotherWe
7、sterncountries170vehiclescollidedand27,500houses,buildings,bridgesandotherstructures21AccidentSurveyTheBahamasUSAAtlanticOceanGulfofMexicoHurricaneHugoStThomasTurksandCubaCaicosIslandsStKittsVirginIslandsMontserratAntiguaPuertoHaitiDominicanJamaicaRicoRepublic
8、GuadeloupeCaribbeanSeaDominicaFig.1.1.Thedirectiontakenbyhurricane“Hugo”weredamagedandmanybuildingcomponentswereejectedasmissileswithspeedsrangingfrom5milesh−1to1,500milesh−1.Table
