Lecture 16a Writing a summary

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1、WritingaSummarylSummaryisabriefrestatementoftheessentialthoughtofalongeroriginaldocument.Itreproducesthethemeoftheoriginalwithasfewwordsaspossible.Whenonewritesasummary,oneshouldnotinterpretorcomment.lItisverypracticalinresearchwork.Sometimesyouneedtogiveabriefintroductiontothema

2、inideasofalong,thickandheavyoriginalwork.Andsometimesyoudon'thavetimeorpossibilitytoreadallabouttheoriginalwork.Thenyoumaywanttoreadjustasummaryofit.lSummaryshouldbeabriefandshortrestatement,withallthecontentstothepoint,andwithanabsoluteloyaltytotheoriginalauthor.BriefandShortmea

3、nsasummarycannotbetoolongorevenlongerthanoriginalwork.Restatementremindsyouthatyouarewritingaboutothers’work.Tothepointemphasizesthatyouneedagoodjudgmenttoselectthemainideasandomitthoseminordetails.Loyaltytotheauthorrulesoutthepossibilityforyoutoexpressyourownidea.Nopersonalcomme

4、ntisallowedinsummary.lAsummarymaybeanaccuratecondensationofyourownworkbutmostoftenitisanobjectiverestatementofothers’work.Inasummary,the"I"thatreferstotheoriginalauthorshouldbereplacedby5"theauthor"or"thisessay".No"I"isallowedinasummary.lSummarywritingcanofferstudentsvariouspract

5、ices.First,youshouldreadtheoriginalessayandtrytounderstanditcorrectly.Thisistheunderstandingability.Thenbasedonwhatyouunderstandyouneedtofocusonthemainpoints.Thisistheselectingjudgment.Lastlyyoushouldorganizeyourselectedpointsintoacomposition.Thisisyourexpressingability.lThus,wri

6、tingagoodsummaryrequiresahighproficiencyinEnglish.lTypesofsummariesThereareatleasttwokindsofaccounts,whicharecalledsummaries.Oneiscalledtheanalyticsummaryandtheothertheparaphrasesummary.Themajordifferencebetweenthesetwokindsofsummariesisintheperspectivefromwhichyouwritethem.Inthe

7、analyticsummary,youspeakinyourownperson,explainingwhattheauthoroftheworkyouaresummarizinghassaid,andspeakingoftheauthorasaseparateperson.Inaparaphrase-summary,asinaparaphrase,youpretendtobetheauthoroftheworkandspeakfromherorhispointofview.Thesummaryseemstobeasimplifiedversionofth

8、eworkwrittenbythesameauthor.Imagineyouwa