summary writing

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1、SummaryWritingChapter4ObjectivesGiveanappropriatedefinitionforasummaryKnowthecharacteristicsofagoodsummaryLearnthetechniquesinsummarywritingLearnthestepsinsummarywritingPracticeI.Whatisasummary?Asummaryisashortenedpassage,whichretainstheessentialinformationoftheoriginal

2、.Itisafairlybriefrestatement---inyourownwords---ofthecontentsofapassage.Note:yousimplyreportbackwhatthewriterhassaid,withoutmakingvaluejudgments.II.CharacteristicsofagoodsummaryCanbeunderstoodwithoutreferencetotheoriginal;Isafaithfulreproductionof,orcontainsonlytheideas

3、orinformationof,theoriginal;Isbriefwithoutanyunnecessarydetail;IsareadableunifiedwholeIII.TechniquesinsummarywritingParaphrasingToparaphrasemeanstocompletelyandcorrectlyexpressotherpeople’sideasinone’sownwords.Examples:1.You’vecookedusallahotpotato.(atroublesomepersonor

4、issue)2.Preventionisbetterthancure.(Itisbettertopreventsomethingunpleasantfromhappeningthantrytoputitrightafterwards.)★Ithelpsusunderstandtheoriginalbetter.★Ithelpsusgraspthecentralideaandthemainpoints.★Ithelpsuswritesummariesthatarebriefandtothepoint,andinourownwords.T

5、heimportanceofparaphrasing★Readtheoriginalcarefullyandcomprehenditsmeaningwhollyandcorrectly.★Considertheoriginalarticleasawhole,notinisolatedsentences.StepsofparaphrasingGraspingthecentralideasIII.TechniquesinsummarywritingWaysofcondensationUsesynonymsorsynonymousphras

6、esHehadagoodcommandofEnglish.(HeknewEnglishwell.)ChangethestructureofsimplesentencesMybrotherhasanappreciationofmodernart.(Mybrotherappreciatesmodernart.)III.TechniquesinsummarywritingTurncomplexsentencesintosimplesentencesHereceivedawelcomethatwasascoldasice.(Hereceive

7、danicywelcome.)CombinethesentencesHurryup.Ifyoudon’t,you’llmissthetrain.(Hurryuporyou’llmissthetrain.)Findingthetopicsentenceandmakinganoutlinetopicsentence/outlineIV.Howtowriteasummary?TheimportanceofsummarywritingNecessaryelementsforagoodsummaryPropercitationtitle,aut

8、hor,source;dateofpublicationandthetext(journalarticles)Thesisstatementthetopicorgeneralsubjectmatterofthetext;