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1、Chapter10 ---thetranslationofmetaphors073010234AnaTypesofmetaphorDeadMetaphors(亡隐喻）ClichémetaphorsStockorStandardMetaphorsAdaptedMetaphorsRecentMetaphorsOriginalMetaphorsDeadMetaphors(亡隐喻）It isa metaphor whichhaslosttheoriginal imagery ofitsmeaningowingtoextensive,repetitivepopularusage.Itfrequ
2、entlyrelatestouniversaltermsofspaceandtime,themainpartofthebody,generalecologicalfeaturesandthemainhumanactivities.Example:theriseandfallofhumanempire---time人类帝国的兴衰。我们国家这么大,情况千差万别,困难和矛盾不少，相当好这个家不容易。---spacecatchhername----记住她的名字branchesofgovernment---政府的分支ClichémetaphorsTheyaremetaphorsthathave
3、perhapstemporarilyoutlivedtheirusefulness,thatareusedasasubstituteforclearthought,oftenemotively,butwithoutcorrespondingtothefactsofthematter.Example：TheCountySchoolwillbecomenotabackwaterbutabreakthroughineducationaldevelopment.这所县学校不会成为一潭死水，它在教育发展中有所突破。让我们在接下来的五年里开始新的长征，沿着不同路线达到同一目标。carrycoal
4、tonewcastle---多此一举，做无用功AstockorstandardmetaphorsItisanestablishedmetaphor,anefficientandconcisemethodofcoveringaphysicalormetalsituationbothreferentiallyandpragmaticallyinaninformalcontext.Example:ThosewhomadelargeprofitsoutillegallysellingrationedgoodsduringWorldWarIIwerefishingintroubledwater
5、s.那些在二次世界大战期间非法倒卖配售物资而发了大材的人是浑水摸鱼。flood一词的用法Shewasinafloodoftears.(她泪流如注。)Thecorridorswerefloodedwithgirls.(走廊里挤满了女孩子.)AdaptedmetaphorsIntranslation,anadaptedstockmetaphorshould,wherepossible,betranslatedbyanequivalentadaptedmetaphor.RecentmetaphorsByrecentmetaphor,Newmarkmeansametaphoricalneol
6、ogism,oftenanonymouslycoined,whichhasspreadrapidlyintheSL.Example:Ifocusedonasmallblobinthemudamidthecolumnsoflegsandtrunks.Isuddenlycameuponawalloffeedingelephants.---fromRescueofANewborn一边顺风共驶,一边修建桥梁,是对未来中欧新型伙伴关系的最生动描述。OriginalmetaphorsTheyaretheonescreatedorquotedbytheSLwriter.a)containacore
7、ofimportantwriter’smessage,hispersonalityandhiscommentonlife.b)suchmetaphorsareasourceofenrichmentforthetargetlanguage.Example:Mymind,theprecisioninstrumentslippedintohighgear.我的大脑这一精密的仪器进入了高速运转的状态。JeffRennicke在APromiseofSpring中开卷
