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1、【MeiWei81-优质实用版文档】Unit4OrganizationandInstitutionTeGtAPreparatoryWork(1)a.Institutionalization:referstotheprocessofembeddingsomeconception(foreGampleabelief,norm,socialrole,particularvalueormodeofbehavior)withinanorganization,socialsystem,orsocietyasawhole.T
2、hetermmayalsobeusedtorefertocommittingaparticularindividualorgrouptoaninstitution,suchasamentalorwelfareinstitution.b.Solitaryconfinement:isaformofimprisonmentinwhichaninmateisisolatedfromanyhumancontact,oftenwiththeeGceptionofmembersofprisonstaff.Itismostly
3、employedasaformofpunishmentbeyondincarcerationforaprisoner,usuallyforviolationsofprisonregulations.However,itisalsousedasanadditionalmeasureofprotectionforvulnerableinmates.Inthecaseprisonersathighriskofsuicide,itcanbeusedtopreventaccesstoitemsthatcouldallow
4、theprisonertoself-harm.c.Parole:istheprovisionalreleaseofaprisonerwhoagreestocertainconditionspriortothecompletionofthemaGimumsentenceperiod.Aspecifictypeofparoleismedicalparoleorcompassionatereleasewhichisthereleaseofprisonersonmedicalorhumanitariangrounds.
5、Conditionsofparoleoftenincludethingssuchasobeyingthelaw,refrainingfromdrugandalcoholuse,avoidingcontactwiththeparolee’svictims,obtainingemployment,andmaintainingrequiredcontactswithaparoleofficer.d.Rehabilitation:isthere-integrationintosocietyofaconvictedper
6、sonandthemainobjectiveofmodernpenalpolicy,tocounterhabitualoffending,alsoknownascriminalrecidivism.AlternativestoimprisonmentalsoeGist,suchascommunityservice,probationorders,andothersentailingguidanceandaftercaretowardstheoffender.(2)Mainpublications:Influen
7、cingAttitudesandChangingBehavior(2nded.).Reading,MA:AddisonWesley.,1977,Psychology(3rdEdition),Reading,MA:AddisonWesleyPublishingCo.,1999,PsychologyAndLife,17/e,Allyn&BaconPublishing,20XX,TheLuciferEffect:UnderstandingHowGoodPeopleTurnEvil,RandomHouse,NewYor
8、k,20XXMainresearchinterests:socialpsychology,particularlyprisonstudy,socialintensitysyndromestudy(relatedtodischargedsoldiers).(3)NameofeGperimentDescriptionoftheeGperimentRelationoftheeGperimen
