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1、WORD整理版Unit4OrganizationandInstitutionTextAPreparatoryWork(1)a.Institutionalization:referstotheprocessofembeddingsomeconception(forexampleabelief,norm,socialrole,particularvalueormodeofbehavior)withinanorganization,socialsystem,orsocietyasawhole.Thetermmayalsobeuse
2、dtorefertocommittingaparticularindividualorgrouptoaninstitution,suchasamentalorwelfareinstitution.b.Solitaryconfinement:isaformofimprisonmentinwhichaninmateisisolatedfromanyhumancontact,oftenwiththeexceptionofmembersofprisonstaff.Itismostlyemployedasaformofpunishme
3、ntbeyondincarcerationforaprisoner,usuallyforviolationsofprisonregulations.However,itisalsousedasanadditionalmeasureofprotectionforvulnerableinmates.Inthecaseprisonersathighriskofsuicide,itcanbeusedtopreventaccesstoitemsthatcouldallowtheprisonertoself-harm.c.Parole:
4、istheprovisionalreleaseofaprisonerwhoagreestocertainconditionspriortothecompletionofthemaximumsentenceperiod.Aspecifictypeofparoleismedicalparoleorcompassionatereleasewhichisthereleaseofprisonersonmedicalorhumanitariangrounds.Conditionsofparoleoftenincludethingssuc
5、hasobeyingthelaw,refrainingfromdrugandalcoholuse,avoidingcontactwiththeparolee’svictims,obtainingemployment,andmaintainingrequiredcontactswithaparoleofficer.d.Rehabilitation:isthere-integrationintosocietyofaconvictedpersonandthemainobjectiveofmodernpenalpolicy,toco
6、unterhabitualoffending,alsoknownascriminalrecidivism.Alternativestoimprisonmentalsoexist,suchascommunityservice,probationorders,andothersentailingguidanceandaftercaretowardstheoffender.(2)Mainpublications:InfluencingAttitudesandChangingBehavior(2nded.).Reading,MA:A
7、ddisonWesley.,1977,Psychology(3rdEdition),Reading,MA:AddisonWesleyPublishingCo.,1999,PsychologyAndLife,17/e,Allyn&BaconPublishing,2005,TheLuciferEffect:UnderstandingHowGoodPeopleTurnEvil,RandomHouse,NewYork,2007Mainresearchinterests:socialpsychology,particularlypri
8、sonstudy,socialintensitysyndromestudy(relatedtodischargedsoldiers).(3)NameofexperimentDescriptionoftheexperimentRelationoftheexperimentwiththetex
