美国文学术语解释(全面且简练)

美国文学术语解释(全面且简练)

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时间:2019-07-19

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1、术语解释(美国文学简史)1、AmericanPuritanismBackgrounding:AmericanPuritanismappearedinthecolonialperiod,from1607to1775,inAmerica.Representatives:Therearemanywritersinthisperiod,suchasCaptainJohnSmith,theauthoroftheTrueRelationofVirginia(1608)andDescriptionofNewEngland(

2、1616),AnneBradstreet,whowrotethefamousworkcalledTenthMuseLatelySprungupinAmerica(1650).Mainideas:Theystresspredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementfromGod’sgrace.TheygotoAmericatoprovethattheyareGod’schosenpeoplewhowillenjoyGod’sblessin

3、gsonearthandinHeaven.Finally,theybuildawayoflifethatstresseshardwork,thrift,piety,andsobriety.Influences:AmericanLiteratureisbasedonamyth------theBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden.TheAmericanPuritan’smetaphoricalmadeofperception----symbolism.Ithasagreatinfluenc

4、enotonlyontheLiterarySceneinColonialAmerica,,butalsoontheliteratureinthe18thcentury,especiallyonJonathanEdwardsandBenjaminFranklin.AmericanRomanticismBackgrounding:Itappearedintheendofthe18thcenturythroughtheoutbreakoftheCivilWar,from1828to1865,anditwasstro

5、nglyinfluencedbyEuropeanculture.Representative:TherearesomerepresentativenewEnglandpoetsandout-sandingwriterssuchas,JamesFenimaoreCooper,theauthorofTheLeatherStockingTales,WashingtonIrving,whosefamousworkisTheSketchBook(1819).Mainideas:Romanticismisarebelli

6、onagainsttheobjectivityofrationalism..Forromantics,thefeelings,intuitionsandemotionsaremoreimportantthanreasonandcommonsense.Theyemphasizeindividualism,placingtheindividualagainstthegroup,againstauthority.Influence:Itproducesafeelingof“Newness”whichinspires

7、theromanticimagination.3、TranscendentalismsBackgrounding:TranscendtalismflourishedintheNewEnglandfromabout1836to1860.RalphWaldoEmersonpublished‘Nature’in1836whichrepresentedanewwayofintellectualthinkinginAmerica.Representatives:Therearetworepresentativewrit

8、ers,namelyRalphWaldoEmerson(1803----1882),whosefamousworkcalledNature,HenryDavidThoreau(1817----1862),theauthorofWalden..Mainideas:Believepeoplecanlearnthingsbothfromtheoutsideworldbymeansofthe5sensesa

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