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1、CAUSATIONANDAGGRESSIONN.STEPHANKINSELLAANDPATRICKTINSLEYPRAXEOLOGYANDLEGALANALYSIS:ACTIONVS.BEHAVIORorlibertarians,thepurposeofalegalsystemistoestablishandenforceFrulesthatfacilitateandsupportpeaceful,conflict-freeinteractionbetweenindividuals.Inshort,thelawshouldprohibitaggression.Becauseaggressio
2、nisaparticularkindofhumanaction—actionthatinten-tionallyviolatesorthreatenstoviolatethephysicalintegrityofanotherpersonoranotherperson’spropertywithoutthatperson’sconsent—itcanbesuc-cessfullyprohibitedonlyifthelawisbasedonasoundunderstandingofthenatureofhumanactionmoregenerally.Praxeology,thegenera
3、ltheoryofhumanaction,studiestheuniversalfea-turesofhumanactionanddrawsoutthelogicalimplicationsoftheundeni-ablefactthathumansact(Mises1966,pp.15–16,480;and1978;Hoppe1995).PraxeologyiscentraltoAustrianeconomics,the“hithertobestelaboratedpart”ofthescienceofpraxeology(Mises1966,p.3).However,otherdisci
4、-plinescanbenefitfromtheinsightsofpraxeology.Hans-HermannHoppehasalreadyextendedpraxeologytothefieldofpoliticalethics(Hoppe1989b,chap.7).Therelateddisciplineoflegaltheory,whichalsoconcernsethicalimplicationsofhumanaction,canalsobenefitfromtheinsightsofpraxeol-ogy.Inthecontextoflegalanalysis,oneimpo
5、rtantpraxeologicaldoctrineisthedistinctionbetweenactionandmerebehavior.Thedifferencebetweenactionandbehaviorboilsdowntointent.Actionisanindividual’sintentionalinterventioninthephysicalworld,viacertainselectedmeans,withthepur-poseofattainingastateofaffairsthatispreferabletotheconditionsthatwouldprev
6、ailintheabsenceoftheaction.Merebehavior,bycontrast,isaper-son’sphysicalmovementsthatarenotundertakenintentionallyandthatdonotmanifestanypurpose,plan,ordesign.Merebehaviorcannotbeaggres-sion;aggressionmustbedeliberate,itmustbeanaction.N.STEPHANKINSELLAisanattorneyinHouston,Texas.PATRICKTINSLEYisalaw
7、studentatSuffolkUniversityLawSchool.THEQUARTERLYJOURNALOFAUSTRIANECONOMICSVOL.7,NO.4(WINTER2004):97–1129798THEQUARTERLYJOURNALOFAUSTRIANECONOMICSVOL.7,NO.4(WINTER2004)Inordertobetterunderstandthisdistinctio
