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《(普特南) Putnam - 1994 - 'Pragmatism and Moral Objectivity'》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、TheInheritanceofPragmatism8.PragmatismandMoralObjectivityThepaperspresentedattheconferencewherethispaperwasorigi-nallyreadresultedfromthehappyideaofbringingtogetherphiloso-phersusedtodealingwithissuesofjustice,issuesaboutwhatconsti-tutesflourishingforanindividualorforasociety,fem
2、inistissuesanddevelopmentissues,andalsosomepeoplewho,likeMarthaChen,havefirst-handknowledgeofwhatthoseissuesmeaninthelivesofthewomenandmenofdevelopingcountries.(Someofus,likeArnartyaSen,fellintobothofthesecategories.)Thispaper,liketheothers,wasandisintendedtocontributetothediscus
3、sionofthoseissues.Ifitendedupbeingmore"abstract"thanmostoftheothers,thatisnotbecausetheauthorgot"carriedaway"byaparticularlineofabstractthought.Rather,itisbecauseitwasmyconviction,aswellastheconvictionoftheorganizersoftheconference,thatpositionsonthe"abstract"questionofmoralobjec
4、tivityhaverealworldeffects.Inoneofhismajorworks,'JiirgenHabermasrepeatedlyexpressestheconvictionthatMaxWeber'sconclusionthatmodernscientificratio-nalityrequiresustoacceptitasafactthattherecanbenosuchthingasarationalfoundationforanethicalposition,andthatweare"com-mittedtoapolythei
5、smofultimatevalues,"isbothwrongonintellec-tualgroundsanddisastrousinitseffectonthe"life-worlds"ofordi-narywomenandmen.Ofcoursenoonecantelljusthowmuchinfluenceawrongphilosophyhasincontributingtosuchrealworldeffectsastheinstrumentalizationofhumanbeingsandthemanipula-tionoftheircult
6、ures;nevertheless,toshowthatthejustificationswhichareofferedforethicalskepticismataphilosophicallevelwillnotstanduptoexamination,thatthefoundationsoftheideathatthereisnorationalitybeyondpurelyinstrumentalrationalityareintrouble,mayhelptocombatthatinstrumentalizationandthatmanip-u
7、lation.ThiswasalsotheconvictionofJohnDewey,whosephiloso-151152TheInheritanceofPragmatismphyIdiscussinthefifthandsixthsectionsofthispaper,throughouthislongphilosophicallife.AnditwasinthatspiritthatIdecided(andwasinfactencouraged)todevotemypapertothe"abstract"issueofmoralobjecti~it
8、y.~Butnoteverydefenseofmoralobjectivityi
