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1、Unit4GrammarV-ing形式作状语1.V-ing形式V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,V-ing没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing的基本形式V-ing主动语态被动语态一般式doing完成式b.___________thework，hewenthome.c.Thechildmadehermotherangryby____________hishomework.(not)beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone(not)(not)(not)时态语态a
2、.Hecameherewithout___________(invite).beinginvitedHecameherewithout________her(invite).inviting主被动看该动词与其逻辑主语的关系，是动作的执行者还是承受者Havingfinished时态看该动词与主句谓语动词的时间先后，同时一般用doing，先于谓语动词用havingdonenotdoing3.V-ing作状语状语是指修饰谓语动词或整个句子的成分,可以由单词，短语，从句充当表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随状况等。Hedidhisjob.Hedidhisjobquickly,
3、quicklylastnight.knowingtimewaslimited.状语充当状语时，v-ing形式的主语与主句的主语相同.sohewenttobedveryearly.4.V-ing做状语的具体用法：=____________________________,hejumpedwithgreatjoy.heardthegoodnews.Whenhev-ing前可以保留when.(When)a._______________________,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声,学生们开始走进教室。b.Walkinginthestr
4、eet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.____________________________,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(When)Hearingthebellv-ing作时间状语：WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet1.__________inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofSpring.TowalkB.HavingwalkedC.WalkedD.Walking2.Theoldman,________aboardfortwentyyear
5、s,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworkedDD=_______________________________,hedecidedtoleavethemanote.sawnobodyathomeBecausehe.v-ing作原因状语：Beingill,shedidn’tattendtheclass.由于生病了，她没有上课。Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.AsIdidn’tthinkhemightbeathome,Icalledh
6、im.=_______________,shedidn’tattendtheclass.Becauseshewasill=_______________,youshouldstudyhard.Beingastudent=_____________________________,Icalledhim.Notthinkinghemightbeathome1.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived2.______hi
7、stelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA现在分词作原因状语分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语=Thegirlscamein,and__________________.followedtheirparents.作伴随状语的v-ing形式表示的动作必须
