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1、GastrointestinalVirusesViralGastroenteritisItisthoughtthatvirusesareresponsibleforupto3/4ofallinfectivediarrhoeas.Viralgastroenteritisisthesecondmostcommonviralillnessafterupperrespiratorytractinfection.Indevelopingcountries,viralgastroenteritisisamajorkillerofinfantswhoareunderno
2、urished.Rotavirusesareresponsibleforhalfamilliondeathsayear.Manydifferenttypesofvirusesarefoundinthegutbutonlysomeareassociatedwithgastroenteritis.AssociatedwithgastroenteritisRotavirusesAdenoviruses4041Caliciviruses嵌杯病毒NorwalklikevirusesorSRSV(SmallRoundStructuredViruses)Astrovir
3、usesSRV(SmallRoundViruses)CoronavirusesTorovirusesFoundinthegut,notnormallyassociatedwithgastroenteritisPolioCoxsackieACoxsackieBEchoEnteroviruses68-71HepatitisAHepatitisEAdenoviruses1-39ReovirusesFoundinthegutasopportunisticinfectionCMVHSVVZVHIVGastrointestinalVirusesVirusGenomeT
4、ypicaldiseaseincubationDurationRotaviruses:GroupA,B,Cds-segmentedRNAMajorcauseofdiarrheainchildren1-3days24-56h5-8days3-7daysCalicivirusesNorwalkagentsssRNAInfectsadultsandchildrenEpidemicviralgastroenteritis1-3days18-24h1-3days12-48hEAd40,41LineardsRNAdiarrheainchildren7-8days8-1
5、2dAstrovirus+ssRNAInfectsmainlychildrenandelderly1-4days1-4dGastrointestinalVirusesInfants:RotavirusA;Adenovirus40,41;CoxsackieA24virusInfants,children,andadultsNorwalkvirus;Calicivirus嵌杯病毒;astrovirus;RotavirusB;Reovirus.HumanRotavirusImportantCharacteristics70nmround,doubleshelle
6、d,enclosingagenomeof11segmentsofdoublestrandedRNA.GroupsofRotavirusesGroupAsubtypes1,2,3,4(mainhumanpathogens) (Further7subtypes)alsoinfectanimals(monkey,calf,mouse)GroupBInfectspigsandrats FoundtocauseextensiveoutbreaksinChinainpastdecadeGroupCInfectsPigs(OccasionallyMan)GroupDIn
7、fectsbirdsGroupEInfectspigsPathogenesisEssentiallyaningestiondisease(faecal-oralroute)Incubationisshort:1to3daysIllness:Suddenonsetwaterydiarrhoea,withorwithoutvomiting.Maylastupto6days(orlongerifimmunocompromised).Thediseaseisselflimiting.Complications:Dehydrationmayresult,thisca
8、nbesevereandlifethreateninginyoun
