修辞高级英语

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1、高级英语修辞Byfiguresofspeechwerefertothoserhetoricaldevicestermedtropesinclassicalrhetoric.Tropeshavetodowiththewaywordsaremadetomeanotherthanwhattheywouldnormallyimply,andthereforeinvolvedeviationfromtheordinaryandliteralmeaningofwords.Theyarewaysofmakingourlanguagefigurative.1．Simile(明喻)Similedevelops

2、outoftheLatinword"similis"meaning"like".Asimileisafigureofspeechwhichmakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelementshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon.Thecomparisonispurelyimaginative.Tomakethecomparison,wordslikeas,as...so,andlikeareusedtotransferthequalityweassociatewithonetotheother.[Simil

3、e(明喻)一词源于拉丁语，意思是：象、如…一样。明喻直接比较两个或两个以上不同的人或事物，英语中常用的喻词是like和as。明喻比较的不同的人和事物之间必须至少有一个共同点，而所进行的比较纯属想象。]1.IwasinterruptedinmymeditationsbyanoiseliketheScotchexpressgoingunderabridge.ItwasHonoriaGlossoplaughing.---byP.G.Wodehouse一阵犹如直快火车在桥下隆隆驶过的响声打断了我的思路。原来是格洛思蒲在笑。2.Hewaslikeacockwhothoughtthesunhadrise

4、ntohearhimcrow.---byGeorgeEliot这个人就像一只骄傲自负的公鸡，以为太阳升起是为了听它啼鸣。3.Oneblinksbeforethedirtyhousesasoneblinksbeforeamanwithhisfaceshotaway.---H.L.Mencken人们看到这所肮脏的房子，就像看到一个脸被子弹崩掉的人一样，惊愕不已。4.Maryandhermotherareaslikeastwopeas.玛丽和她母亲长得酷似。26高级英语修辞2．Metaphor(隐喻)Ametaphor,likeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetween

5、twounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.Ametaphorisinasenseacondensedsimile,differingfromthelatteronlyinformandartistry.Let'scompare:[Metaphor(隐喻)和明喻一样，也是两个不同事物之间的比较，但它有别于明喻，这种比较是隐含的，非陈述的。隐喻是一种浓缩的明喻，只是形式和表现手法不一样。]Let'scompare:　Jimwasascunningasafox.(simile)　Jimwas

6、afox.(metaphor)　Theworldislikeastage.(simile)　Theworldisastage.(metaphor)Let'slookatmoreexamples:1.Theywantedtogetintothefunbeforethewholethingturnedbellyup.它们要在这场战争结束之前也过一下打仗的瘾。[analysis]Fordescription,adeadfishwhichwouldbebellyupimpliestheendofthething.Intranslation,theimpliedrhetoricalmeaningisg

7、iveninsteadoftheliterarymeaningoftheoriginal.2.MaloneaccusedBryanofcallingforadueltothedeathbetweenscienceandreligion....ThenthecourtbrokeintoastormofapplausethatpassedthatforBryan.Thecrowdseemedtofeelthatt